TY - JOUR
T1 - Making the Earth
T2 - Combining dynamics and chemistry in the Solar System
AU - Bond, Jade C.
AU - Lauretta, Dante S.
AU - O'Brien, David P.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Drew Milsom for providing the code required to calculate the disk models. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions. J.C. Bond and D.S. Lauretta were supported by Grant NNX07AF96G from NASA’s Cosmochemistry program. D. O’Brien was supported by Grants NNX06AC50G from NASA’s Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program and NNX09AB91G from NASA’s Origins of Solar Systems Program. This paper is PSI Contribution 462.
PY - 2010/2
Y1 - 2010/2
N2 - No terrestrial planet formation simulation completed to date has considered the detailed chemical composition of the planets produced. While many have considered possible water contents and late veneer compositions, none have examined the bulk elemental abundances of the planets produced as an important check of formation models. Here we report on the first study of this type. Bulk elemental abundances based on disk equilibrium studies have been determined for the simulated terrestrial planets of O'Brien et al. [O'Brien, D.P., Morbidelli, A., Levison, H.F., 2006. Icarus 184, 39-58]. These abundances are in excellent agreement with observed planetary values, indicating that the models of O'Brien et al. [O'Brien, D.P., Morbidelli, A., Levison, H.F., 2006. Icarus 184, 39-58] are successfully producing planets comparable to those of the Solar System in terms of both their dynamical and chemical properties. Significant amounts of water are accreted in the present simulations, implying that the terrestrial planets form "wet" and do not need significant water delivery from other sources. Under the assumption of equilibrium controlled chemistry, the biogenic species N and C still need to be delivered to the Earth as they are not accreted in significant proportions during the formation process. Negligible solar photospheric pollution is produced by the planetary formation process. Assuming similar levels of pollution in other planetary systems, this in turn implies that the high metallicity trend observed in extrasolar planetary systems is in fact primordial.
AB - No terrestrial planet formation simulation completed to date has considered the detailed chemical composition of the planets produced. While many have considered possible water contents and late veneer compositions, none have examined the bulk elemental abundances of the planets produced as an important check of formation models. Here we report on the first study of this type. Bulk elemental abundances based on disk equilibrium studies have been determined for the simulated terrestrial planets of O'Brien et al. [O'Brien, D.P., Morbidelli, A., Levison, H.F., 2006. Icarus 184, 39-58]. These abundances are in excellent agreement with observed planetary values, indicating that the models of O'Brien et al. [O'Brien, D.P., Morbidelli, A., Levison, H.F., 2006. Icarus 184, 39-58] are successfully producing planets comparable to those of the Solar System in terms of both their dynamical and chemical properties. Significant amounts of water are accreted in the present simulations, implying that the terrestrial planets form "wet" and do not need significant water delivery from other sources. Under the assumption of equilibrium controlled chemistry, the biogenic species N and C still need to be delivered to the Earth as they are not accreted in significant proportions during the formation process. Negligible solar photospheric pollution is produced by the planetary formation process. Assuming similar levels of pollution in other planetary systems, this in turn implies that the high metallicity trend observed in extrasolar planetary systems is in fact primordial.
KW - Origin
KW - Planetary formation
KW - Solar System
KW - Terrestrial planets
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U2 - 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.07.037
DO - 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.07.037
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:75149120103
SN - 0019-1035
VL - 205
SP - 321
EP - 337
JO - Icarus
JF - Icarus
IS - 2
ER -