TY - JOUR
T1 - Low toxicity of HfO2, SiO2, Al2O3 and CeO2 nanoparticles to the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
AU - García-Saucedo, Citlali
AU - Field, James A.
AU - Otero-Gonzalez, Lila
AU - Sierra-Álvarez, Reyes
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant of the SRC/Sematech Engineering Research Center for Environmentally Benign Semiconductor Manufacturing. García-Saucedo was funded by CONACyT . Flow cytometry analyses were conducted at the Cytometry Core Facility which is supported by the Cancer Center Support Grant ( CCSG-CA-023074 ).
PY - 2011/9/15
Y1 - 2011/9/15
N2 - Increasing use of nanomaterials necessitates an improved understanding of their potential impact on environment health. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of nanosized HfO2, SiO2, Al2O3 and CeO2 towards the eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and characterized their state of dispersion in bioassay medium. Nanotoxicity was assessed by monitoring oxygen consumption in batch cultures and by analysis of cell membrane integrity.CeO2, Al2O3, and HfO2 nanoparticles were highly unstable in yeast medium and formed micron-sized, settleable agglomerates. A non-toxic polyacrylate dispersant (Dispex A40) was used to improve nanoparticle stability and determine the impact of enhanced dispersion on toxicity. None of the NPs tested without dispersant inhibited O2 uptake by yeast at concentrations as high as 1000mg/L. Dispersant supplementation only enhanced the toxicity of CeO2 (47% at 1000mg/L). Dispersed SiO2 and Al2O3 (1000mg/L) caused cell membrane damage, whereas dispersed HfO2 and CeO2 did not cause significant disruption of membrane integrity at the same concentration. These results suggest that the O2 uptake inhibition observed with dispersed CeO2 NPs was not due to reduced cell viability. This is the first study evaluating toxicity of nanoscale HfO2, SiO2, Al2O3 and CeO2 to S. cerevisiae. Overall the results obtained demonstrate that these nanomaterials display low or no toxicity to yeast.
AB - Increasing use of nanomaterials necessitates an improved understanding of their potential impact on environment health. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of nanosized HfO2, SiO2, Al2O3 and CeO2 towards the eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and characterized their state of dispersion in bioassay medium. Nanotoxicity was assessed by monitoring oxygen consumption in batch cultures and by analysis of cell membrane integrity.CeO2, Al2O3, and HfO2 nanoparticles were highly unstable in yeast medium and formed micron-sized, settleable agglomerates. A non-toxic polyacrylate dispersant (Dispex A40) was used to improve nanoparticle stability and determine the impact of enhanced dispersion on toxicity. None of the NPs tested without dispersant inhibited O2 uptake by yeast at concentrations as high as 1000mg/L. Dispersant supplementation only enhanced the toxicity of CeO2 (47% at 1000mg/L). Dispersed SiO2 and Al2O3 (1000mg/L) caused cell membrane damage, whereas dispersed HfO2 and CeO2 did not cause significant disruption of membrane integrity at the same concentration. These results suggest that the O2 uptake inhibition observed with dispersed CeO2 NPs was not due to reduced cell viability. This is the first study evaluating toxicity of nanoscale HfO2, SiO2, Al2O3 and CeO2 to S. cerevisiae. Overall the results obtained demonstrate that these nanomaterials display low or no toxicity to yeast.
KW - Alumina
KW - Ceria
KW - Cytotoxicity
KW - Hafnia
KW - Nanotoxicology
KW - Silica
KW - Yeast
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.081
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.081
M3 - Article
C2 - 21782338
AN - SCOPUS:80052025560
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 192
SP - 1572
EP - 1579
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
IS - 3
ER -