LCM2: A coupled leaf/canopy radiative transfer model

Two radiative transfer models have been coupled to generate vegetation canopy reflectance as a function of leaf chemistry, leaf morphology (as represented by leaf scattering properties), leaf thickness, soil reflectance, and canopy architecture. A model of radiative transfer within a leaf, called LEAFMOD, treats the radiative transfer equation for a slab of optically uniform leaf material, providing an estimate of leaf hemispherical reflectance and transmittance as well as the radiance exiting the leaf surfaces. The canopy model then simulates radiative transfer within a mixture of leaves, with each having uniform optical properties as determined by LEAFMOD, assuming a bi-Lambertian leaf scattering phase function. The utility of the model, called LCM2 (Leaf/Canopy Model version 2), is demonstrated through predictions of radiometric measurements of canopy reflectance and sensitivity to leaf chlorophyll and moisture content.