@article{46b5a71bab494fd1823fc20f0aad7be9,
title = "Lava-Rise Plateaus and Inflation Pits in the McCartys Lava Flow Field, New Mexico: An Analog for Pāhoehoe-Like Lava Flows on Planetary Surfaces",
abstract = "Basaltic lava flows are common on the surface of the Earth and other terrestrial bodies. However, inflation—including a combination of initially rapid molten core thickening and gradual crustal growth—must be accounted for to enable accurate reconstructions of eruption parameters from observed lava flow morphologies. The shape of an inflated lava flow can change significantly over time. Therefore, incorrectly attributing the flow's final thickness to its dimensions in an initially fully molten state will yield excessively high flow rates, erroneous rheological properties, and unreasonably short eruption durations. To develop improved criteria for identifying inflated lava flows, we examined the McCartys lava flow field in New Mexico, USA. This locality provides an example of how pāhoehoe-like lava lobes can coalesce and coinflate to form interconnected lava-rise plateaus with internal inflation pits. These structures were examined using a combination of field observations, low-altitude kite-based imaging, and quantitative geomorphology using high-resolution (1.47 cm/pixel) orthomosaics and stereo-derived digital terrain models. These observations were used to identify characteristics and diagnostics of inflation, thereby facilitating the interpretation of comparable landforms on other planetary surfaces. Lava-cooling models were also used to estimate the lava emplacement duration of the ~20-m-thick flows by demonstrating that the ~8-m-thick upper crust exposed within inflation clefts in the southern part of the McCartys lava flow field would have required 1.2–2.5 years of continuous lava supply to form. This places a minimum bound on the total eruption duration, and implies that comparably thick inflated flows on Mars required years to form.",
keywords = "Mars, McCartys, inflation, lava, photogrammetry, volcanism",
author = "Hamilton, {Christopher W.} and Scheidt, {Stephen P.} and Sori, {Michael M.} and {de Wet}, {Andrew P.} and Bleacher, {Jacob E.} and Mouginis-Mark, {Peter J.} and Stephen Self and Zimbelman, {James R.} and Garry, {W. Brent} and Whelley, {Patrick L.} and Crumpler, {Larry S.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Thorvaldur Thordarson, Lori Glaze, and Stephen Baloga for many insightful discussions relating to lava flow emplacement, which have greatly contributed to our understanding of inflation processes. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. C. W. H. acknowledges support from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Strategic Universities Partnership Program, W. M. Keck Foundation, and NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics (PGG) Program (Grant NNX14AL54G). J. E. B., P. L. W., and W. B. G. were supported by the “Remote In Situ and Synchrotron Studies for Science and Exploration (RISE)” node of the NASA Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (PI: Timothy Glotch, Stony Brook University; Cooperative Agreement NNA14AB04A), and P. M.‐M. was supported by NASA PGG (Grant NNX13AR14G). Work within the El Malpais National Monument was conducted under Study ELMA‐00028, and kite data were collected under Permit ELMA‐2015‐SCI‐0001. Data sets used in this project are freely available to the public via the University of Arizona Spatial Data Explorer ( https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_geo_mccartys_2015_ortho and https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_geo_mccartys_2015_dtm ). Additional supporting information—including video files, field photographs, and the data used to generate Figures 7a – 7c , 10a , 10b , and 12c —are accessible via the University of Arizona's Campus Repository ( https://hdl.handle.net/10150/637043 ). This is a Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) archive, and all data are freely available to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY‐NC‐SA 4.0) license. 4 Funding Information: We thank Thorvaldur Thordarson, Lori Glaze, and Stephen Baloga for many insightful discussions relating to lava flow emplacement, which have greatly contributed to our understanding of inflation processes. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. C. W. H. acknowledges support from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Strategic Universities Partnership Program, W. M. Keck Foundation, and NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics (PGG) Program (Grant NNX14AL54G). J. E. B., P. L. W., and W. B. G. were supported by the “Remote In Situ and Synchrotron Studies for Science and Exploration (RIS4E)” node of the NASA Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (PI: Timothy Glotch, Stony Brook University; Cooperative Agreement NNA14AB04A), and P. M.-M. was supported by NASA PGG (Grant NNX13AR14G). Work within the El Malpais National Monument was conducted under Study ELMA-00028, and kite data were collected under Permit ELMA-2015-SCI-0001. Data sets used in this project are freely available to the public via the University of Arizona Spatial Data Explorer (https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_geo_mccartys_2015_ortho and https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_geo_mccartys_2015_dtm). Additional supporting information—including video files, field photographs, and the data used to generate Figures 7a–7c, 10a, 10b, and 12c—are accessible via the University of Arizona's Campus Repository (https://hdl.handle.net/10150/637043). This is a Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) archive, and all data are freely available to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) license. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.",
year = "2020",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1029/2019JE005975",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "125",
journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets",
issn = "2169-9097",
number = "7",
}