JADES: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9*

Stefano Carniani; Giacomo Venturi; Eleonora Parlanti; Anna de Graaff; Roberto Maiolino; Santiago Arribas; Nina Bonaventura; Kristan Boyett; Andrew J. Bunker; Alex J. Cameron; Stephane Charlot; Jacopo Chevallard; Mirko Curti; Emma Curtis-Lake; Daniel J. Eisenstein; Giovanna Giardino; Ryan Hausen; Nimisha Kumari; Michael V. Maseda; Erica Nelson; Michele Perna; Hans Walter Rix; Brant Robertson; Bruno Rodríguez Del Pino; Lester Sandles; Jan Scholtz; Charlotte Simmonds; Renske Smit; Sandro Tacchella; Hannah Übler; Christina C. Williams; Chris Willott; Joris Witstok

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347230

JADES: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9^*

Stefano Carniani, Giacomo Venturi, Eleonora Parlanti, Anna de Graaff, Roberto Maiolino, Santiago Arribas, Nina Bonaventura, Kristan Boyett, Andrew J. Bunker, Alex J. Cameron, Stephane Charlot, Jacopo Chevallard, Mirko Curti, Emma Curtis-Lake, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Giovanna Giardino, Ryan Hausen, Nimisha Kumari, Michael V. Maseda, Erica NelsonMichele Perna, Hans Walter Rix, Brant Robertson, Bruno Rodríguez Del Pino, Lester Sandles, Jan Scholtz, Charlotte Simmonds, Renske Smit, Sandro Tacchella, Hannah Übler, Christina C. Williams, Chris Willott, Joris Witstok

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

We investigate the incidence and properties of ionised gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar masses between 10⁷ M and 10⁹ M observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the potential signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at z > 4. The incidence fraction of ionised outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25–40%, depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic, but have a limited opening angle, which only results in detection when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star formation rate. The median velocity and mass-loading factor (i.e. the ratio of the mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionised gas are 350 km s⁻¹ and η = 2.0⁺₋¹₁⁶₅, respectively. These are 1.5 and 100 times higher than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. Some of these high-redshift outflows can escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and dark matter halo and enrich the circumgalactic medium and possibly even the intergalactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	A99
Journal	Astronomy and astrophysics
Volume	685
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347230
State	Published - May 1 2024
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

ISM: jets and outflows
dynamics
galaxies: ISM
galaxies: evolution
galaxies: high-redshift
galaxies: kinematics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

10.1051/0004-6361/202347230

Cite this

Carniani, S., Venturi, G., Parlanti, E., de Graaff, A., Maiolino, R., Arribas, S., Bonaventura, N., Boyett, K., Bunker, A. J., Cameron, A. J., Charlot, S., Chevallard, J., Curti, M., Curtis-Lake, E., Eisenstein, D. J., Giardino, G., Hausen, R., Kumari, N., Maseda, M. V., ... Witstok, J. (2024). JADES: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9^*. Astronomy and astrophysics, 685, Article A99. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347230

Carniani, S, Venturi, G, Parlanti, E, de Graaff, A, Maiolino, R, Arribas, S, Bonaventura, N, Boyett, K, Bunker, AJ, Cameron, AJ, Charlot, S, Chevallard, J, Curti, M, Curtis-Lake, E, Eisenstein, DJ, Giardino, G, Hausen, R, Kumari, N, Maseda, MV, Nelson, E, Perna, M, Rix, HW, Robertson, B, Rodríguez Del Pino, B, Sandles, L, Scholtz, J, Simmonds, C, Smit, R, Tacchella, S, Übler, H, Williams, CC, Willott, C & Witstok, J 2024, 'JADES: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9^*', Astronomy and astrophysics, vol. 685, A99. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347230

@article{c46ebc67051f464985744654e5573870,

title = "JADES: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9*",

abstract = "We investigate the incidence and properties of ionised gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar masses between 107 M and 109 M observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the potential signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at z > 4. The incidence fraction of ionised outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25–40%, depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic, but have a limited opening angle, which only results in detection when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star formation rate. The median velocity and mass-loading factor (i.e. the ratio of the mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionised gas are 350 km s−1 and η = 2.0+−1165, respectively. These are 1.5 and 100 times higher than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. Some of these high-redshift outflows can escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and dark matter halo and enrich the circumgalactic medium and possibly even the intergalactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe.",

keywords = "ISM: jets and outflows, dynamics, galaxies: ISM, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: kinematics",

author = "Stefano Carniani and Giacomo Venturi and Eleonora Parlanti and {de Graaff}, Anna and Roberto Maiolino and Santiago Arribas and Nina Bonaventura and Kristan Boyett and Bunker, {Andrew J.} and Cameron, {Alex J.} and Stephane Charlot and Jacopo Chevallard and Mirko Curti and Emma Curtis-Lake and Eisenstein, {Daniel J.} and Giovanna Giardino and Ryan Hausen and Nimisha Kumari and Maseda, {Michael V.} and Erica Nelson and Michele Perna and Rix, {Hans Walter} and Brant Robertson and {Rodr{\'i}guez Del Pino}, Bruno and Lester Sandles and Jan Scholtz and Charlotte Simmonds and Renske Smit and Sandro Tacchella and Hannah {\"U}bler and Williams, {Christina C.} and Chris Willott and Joris Witstok",

note = "Publisher Copyright: c The Authors 2024.",

year = "2024",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202347230",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "685",

journal = "Astronomy and astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

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T2 - The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9*

AU - Carniani, Stefano

AU - Venturi, Giacomo

AU - Parlanti, Eleonora

AU - de Graaff, Anna

AU - Maiolino, Roberto

AU - Arribas, Santiago

AU - Bonaventura, Nina

AU - Boyett, Kristan

AU - Bunker, Andrew J.

AU - Cameron, Alex J.

AU - Charlot, Stephane

AU - Chevallard, Jacopo

AU - Curti, Mirko

AU - Curtis-Lake, Emma

AU - Eisenstein, Daniel J.

AU - Giardino, Giovanna

AU - Hausen, Ryan

AU - Kumari, Nimisha

AU - Maseda, Michael V.

AU - Nelson, Erica

AU - Perna, Michele

AU - Rix, Hans Walter

AU - Robertson, Brant

AU - Rodríguez Del Pino, Bruno

AU - Sandles, Lester

AU - Scholtz, Jan

AU - Simmonds, Charlotte

AU - Smit, Renske

AU - Tacchella, Sandro

AU - Übler, Hannah

AU - Williams, Christina C.

AU - Willott, Chris

AU - Witstok, Joris

PY - 2024/5/1

Y1 - 2024/5/1

N2 - We investigate the incidence and properties of ionised gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar masses between 107 M and 109 M observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the potential signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at z > 4. The incidence fraction of ionised outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25–40%, depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic, but have a limited opening angle, which only results in detection when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star formation rate. The median velocity and mass-loading factor (i.e. the ratio of the mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionised gas are 350 km s−1 and η = 2.0+−1165, respectively. These are 1.5 and 100 times higher than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. Some of these high-redshift outflows can escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and dark matter halo and enrich the circumgalactic medium and possibly even the intergalactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe.

AB - We investigate the incidence and properties of ionised gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar masses between 107 M and 109 M observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the potential signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at z > 4. The incidence fraction of ionised outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25–40%, depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic, but have a limited opening angle, which only results in detection when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star formation rate. The median velocity and mass-loading factor (i.e. the ratio of the mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionised gas are 350 km s−1 and η = 2.0+−1165, respectively. These are 1.5 and 100 times higher than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. Some of these high-redshift outflows can escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and dark matter halo and enrich the circumgalactic medium and possibly even the intergalactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe.

KW - ISM: jets and outflows

KW - dynamics

KW - galaxies: ISM

KW - galaxies: evolution

KW - galaxies: high-redshift

KW - galaxies: kinematics

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85191536991&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85191536991&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202347230

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202347230

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85191536991

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 685

JO - Astronomy and astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and astrophysics

M1 - A99

ER -

JADES: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9^*

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Galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies spectra

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ASJC Scopus subject areas

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JADES: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9^*