TY - JOUR
T1 - Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality
T2 - A new tool for neurosurgical education
AU - Henn, Jeffrey S.
AU - Lemole, G. Michael
AU - Ferreira, Mauro A.T.
AU - Gonzalez, L. Fernando
AU - Schornak, Mark
AU - Preul, Mark C.
AU - Spetzler, Robert F.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - The goal of this study was to develop a new method for neurosurgical education based on interactive stereoscopic virtual reality (ISVR). Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality can be used to recreate the three-dimensional (3D) experience of neurosurgical approaches much more realistically than standard educational methods. The demonstration of complex 3D relationships is unrivaled and easily combined with interactive learning and multimedia capabilities. Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality permits the accurate recreation of neurosurgical approaches through integration of several forms of stereoscopic multimedia (video, interactive anatomy, and computer-rendered animations). The content explored using ISVR is obtained through a combination of approach-based cadaver dissections, live surgical images and videos, and computer-rendered animations. These media are combined through an interactive software interface to demonstrate key aspects of a neurosurgical approach (for example, patient positioning, draping, incision, individual surgical steps, alternative steps, relevant anatomy). The ISVR platform is designed for use on a desktop personal computer with newly developed, inexpensive, platform-independent shutter glasses. Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality has been used to capture the anatomy and methods of several neurosurgical approaches. In this paper the authors report their experience with ISVR and describe its potential advantages. The success of a neurosurgical approach is contingent on the mastery of complex, 3D anatomy. A new technology for neurosurgical education, ISVR can improve understanding and speed the learning process. It is an effective tool for neurosurgical education, bridging the substantial gap between textbooks and intraoperative training.
AB - The goal of this study was to develop a new method for neurosurgical education based on interactive stereoscopic virtual reality (ISVR). Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality can be used to recreate the three-dimensional (3D) experience of neurosurgical approaches much more realistically than standard educational methods. The demonstration of complex 3D relationships is unrivaled and easily combined with interactive learning and multimedia capabilities. Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality permits the accurate recreation of neurosurgical approaches through integration of several forms of stereoscopic multimedia (video, interactive anatomy, and computer-rendered animations). The content explored using ISVR is obtained through a combination of approach-based cadaver dissections, live surgical images and videos, and computer-rendered animations. These media are combined through an interactive software interface to demonstrate key aspects of a neurosurgical approach (for example, patient positioning, draping, incision, individual surgical steps, alternative steps, relevant anatomy). The ISVR platform is designed for use on a desktop personal computer with newly developed, inexpensive, platform-independent shutter glasses. Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality has been used to capture the anatomy and methods of several neurosurgical approaches. In this paper the authors report their experience with ISVR and describe its potential advantages. The success of a neurosurgical approach is contingent on the mastery of complex, 3D anatomy. A new technology for neurosurgical education, ISVR can improve understanding and speed the learning process. It is an effective tool for neurosurgical education, bridging the substantial gap between textbooks and intraoperative training.
KW - Computer-aided learning
KW - Neurosurgical education
KW - Neurosurgical simulation
KW - QuickTime virtual reality
KW - Stereoscopy
KW - Surgical anatomy
KW - Virtual reality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036125660&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0036125660&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3171/jns.2002.96.1.0144
DO - 10.3171/jns.2002.96.1.0144
M3 - Article
C2 - 11795253
AN - SCOPUS:0036125660
SN - 0022-3085
VL - 96
SP - 144
EP - 149
JO - Journal of neurosurgery
JF - Journal of neurosurgery
IS - 1
ER -