TY - JOUR
T1 - Infrared neural stimulation with 7T fMRI
T2 - A rapid in vivo method for mapping cortical connections of primate amygdala
AU - Shi, Sunhang
AU - Xu, Augix Guohua
AU - Rui, Yun Yun
AU - Zhang, Xiaotong
AU - Romanski, Lizabeth M.
AU - Gothard, Katalin M.
AU - Roe, Anna Wang
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by: National Key R&D Program of China 2018YFA0701400 (to A.W.R.), Chinese NSF Instrumentation Grant No. 31627802 (A.W.R.), Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province 2020C03004 (to A.W.R.), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2019XZZX003-20 (to A.W.R.), China-US grant (NSFC 81961128029 to A.W.R., 1R01MH121706 to K.M.G.), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81701774, 61771423 to Xiaotong Zhang), Zhejiang Lab (2018EB0ZX01, to Xiaotong Zhang), and Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2018B030333001, to Xiaotong Zhang). We acknowledge the following for their roles in experimental data collection: Gang Chen, Hsin-yi Lai, Xiao Du, Meizhen Qian, Shuxian Qu, Zhiyan Quan, Toru Takahata, Jianbao Wang, Pingyi Wang, Wang Xi, Bin Xu, Songping Yao, Hong Yin, Jichao Yu, Xiongjie Yu, Yuying Zhai, Xiaotong Zhang, Ying Zhang, Dengfeng Zhou, Liang Zhu.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - We have previously shown that INS-fMRI is a rapid method for mapping mesoscale brain networks in the macaque monkey brain. Focal stimulation of single cortical sites led to the activation of connected cortical locations, resulting in a global connectivity map. Here, we have extended this method for mapping brainwide networks following stimulation of single subcortical sites. As a testbed, we focused on the basal nucleus of the amygdala in the macaque monkey. We describe methods to target basal nucleus locations with submillimeter precision, pulse train stimulation methods, and statistical tests for assessing non-random nature of activations. Using these methods, we report that stimulation of precisely targeted loci in the basal nucleus produced sparse and specific activations in the brain. Activations were observed in the insular and sensory association cortices as well as activations in the cingulate cortex, consistent with known anatomical connections. What is new here is that the activations were focal and, in some cases, exhibited shifting topography with millimeter shifts in stimulation site. The precision of the method enables networks mapped from different nearby sites in the basal nucleus to be distinguished. While further investigation is needed to improve the sensitivity of this method, our analyses do support the reproducibility and non-random nature of some of the activations. We suggest that INS-fMRI is a promising method for mapping large-scale cortical and subcortical networks at high spatial resolution.
AB - We have previously shown that INS-fMRI is a rapid method for mapping mesoscale brain networks in the macaque monkey brain. Focal stimulation of single cortical sites led to the activation of connected cortical locations, resulting in a global connectivity map. Here, we have extended this method for mapping brainwide networks following stimulation of single subcortical sites. As a testbed, we focused on the basal nucleus of the amygdala in the macaque monkey. We describe methods to target basal nucleus locations with submillimeter precision, pulse train stimulation methods, and statistical tests for assessing non-random nature of activations. Using these methods, we report that stimulation of precisely targeted loci in the basal nucleus produced sparse and specific activations in the brain. Activations were observed in the insular and sensory association cortices as well as activations in the cingulate cortex, consistent with known anatomical connections. What is new here is that the activations were focal and, in some cases, exhibited shifting topography with millimeter shifts in stimulation site. The precision of the method enables networks mapped from different nearby sites in the basal nucleus to be distinguished. While further investigation is needed to improve the sensitivity of this method, our analyses do support the reproducibility and non-random nature of some of the activations. We suggest that INS-fMRI is a promising method for mapping large-scale cortical and subcortical networks at high spatial resolution.
KW - Basal nucleus of the amygdala
KW - Connectome
KW - Functional tract tracing
KW - High spatial resolution
KW - Infrared neural stimulation
KW - Macaque monkey
KW - Mesoscale
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U2 - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117818
DO - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117818
M3 - Article
C2 - 33548458
AN - SCOPUS:85101528571
VL - 231
JO - NeuroImage
JF - NeuroImage
SN - 1053-8119
M1 - 117818
ER -