TY - JOUR
T1 - Inactivation of endoplasmic reticulum bound Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 in renal cells during oxidative stress
AU - Cummings, Brian S.
AU - Gelasco, Andrew K.
AU - Kinsey, Gilbert R.
AU - McHowat, Jane
AU - Schnellmann, Rick G.
PY - 2004/6
Y1 - 2004/6
N2 - The purpose of this study was to determine the actions of oxidants on endoplasmic reticulum bound Ca2+-independent phospholipase A 2 (ER-iPLA2) and phospholipids in renal cells. Exposure of renal proximal tubule cells (RPTC) to the oxidants tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), cumene hydroperoxide, and cisplatin resulted in time- and concentration-dependent decreases in the activity of ER-iPLA2. TBHP-induced ER-iPLA2 inactivation was reversed by the addition of dithiothreitol to microsomes isolated from treated RPTC. TBHP also directly inactivated ER-iPLA2 in microsomes isolated from untreated RPTC. Similar to RPTC, dithiothreitol prevented TBHP-induced ER-iPLA2 inactivation in microsomes as did the reactive oxygen scavengers butylated hydroxytoluene and N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and the iron chelator deferoxamine. Electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping demonstrated that TBHP initiated a carbon-centered radical after 1 min of exposure in microsomes, preceding ER-iPLA2 inactivation, and further studies suggested that the formation of the carbon-centered radical species occurred after or in concert with the formation of oxygen-centered radicals. Phospholipid content was determined after TBHP exposure in the presence and absence of the ER-iPLA2 inhibitor bromoenol lactone. Treatment of RPTC with TBHP resulted in 35% decreases in (16:0, 20:4)-phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), (18:0, 18:1)-plasmenylethanolamine (PlsEtn), a 30% decrease in (16:0, 18:3)-phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), and a 25% decrease in (16:0, 20:4)-phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). In contrast, treatment of RPTC with bromoenol lactone before TBHP exposure decreased the content of 11 phospholipids, decreasing a majority of PlsEtn phospholipids 60%, and 4 of the 8 PlsCho phospholipids 40%, while PtdCho and PtdEtn were marginally affected compared with TBHP. These data demonstrate that ER-iPLA2 is inactivated by oxidants, that the mechanism of inactivation involves the oxidation of ER-iPLA2 sulfhydryl groups, and that ER-iPLA 2 inhibition increases oxidant-induced RPTC phospholipid loss.
AB - The purpose of this study was to determine the actions of oxidants on endoplasmic reticulum bound Ca2+-independent phospholipase A 2 (ER-iPLA2) and phospholipids in renal cells. Exposure of renal proximal tubule cells (RPTC) to the oxidants tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), cumene hydroperoxide, and cisplatin resulted in time- and concentration-dependent decreases in the activity of ER-iPLA2. TBHP-induced ER-iPLA2 inactivation was reversed by the addition of dithiothreitol to microsomes isolated from treated RPTC. TBHP also directly inactivated ER-iPLA2 in microsomes isolated from untreated RPTC. Similar to RPTC, dithiothreitol prevented TBHP-induced ER-iPLA2 inactivation in microsomes as did the reactive oxygen scavengers butylated hydroxytoluene and N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and the iron chelator deferoxamine. Electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping demonstrated that TBHP initiated a carbon-centered radical after 1 min of exposure in microsomes, preceding ER-iPLA2 inactivation, and further studies suggested that the formation of the carbon-centered radical species occurred after or in concert with the formation of oxygen-centered radicals. Phospholipid content was determined after TBHP exposure in the presence and absence of the ER-iPLA2 inhibitor bromoenol lactone. Treatment of RPTC with TBHP resulted in 35% decreases in (16:0, 20:4)-phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), (18:0, 18:1)-plasmenylethanolamine (PlsEtn), a 30% decrease in (16:0, 18:3)-phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), and a 25% decrease in (16:0, 20:4)-phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). In contrast, treatment of RPTC with bromoenol lactone before TBHP exposure decreased the content of 11 phospholipids, decreasing a majority of PlsEtn phospholipids 60%, and 4 of the 8 PlsCho phospholipids 40%, while PtdCho and PtdEtn were marginally affected compared with TBHP. These data demonstrate that ER-iPLA2 is inactivated by oxidants, that the mechanism of inactivation involves the oxidation of ER-iPLA2 sulfhydryl groups, and that ER-iPLA 2 inhibition increases oxidant-induced RPTC phospholipid loss.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=2542496901&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=2542496901&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/01.ASN.0000127923.57438.EC
DO - 10.1097/01.ASN.0000127923.57438.EC
M3 - Article
C2 - 15153555
AN - SCOPUS:2542496901
SN - 1046-6673
VL - 15
SP - 1441
EP - 1451
JO - Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
JF - Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
IS - 6
ER -