TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of a Novel Solinvivirus with Nuclear Localization Associated with Mass Mortalities in Cultured Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)
AU - Cruz-Flores, Roberto
AU - Andrade, Thales P.D.
AU - Mai, Hung N.
AU - Alenton, Rod Russel R.
AU - Dhar, Arun K.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this research was provided by the Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory of the University of Arizona. Partial funding was also provided to Dr. Thales P. D. Andrade through a grant to the Laboratório de Diagnóstico de Crustáceos by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Supply (MAPA), Grant 54/2011, SIAFI 763568/2011. Partial funding was also provided to Dr. Thales P. D. Andrade by the Universidade Estadual do Maranhão z to attend a Sabbatical in Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, University of Arizona.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - The emergence and spread of disease-causing viruses in shrimp aquaculture is not uncommon. Since 2016, unusual mortalities have been affecting the Brazilian shrimp industry and we have associated these unusual mortalities with a novel variant of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). The transcriptome analysis of these diseased shrimp showed an additional divergent viral sequence that we have assigned to the family Solinviviridae. The novel virus has been tentatively termed Penaeus vannamei solinvivirus (PvSV) (GenBank accession: OP265432). The full-length genome of the PvSV is 10.44 kb (excluding the poly A tail) and codes for a polyprotein of 3326 aa. Five conserved domains coding for a helicase, RdRp, calicivirus coat protein, G-patch and tegument protein were identified. The genome organization of the PvSV is similar to other (Nylan deria fulva virus 1) solinvivirus. A unique feature of this virus that differs from other members of the Solinviviridae is the presence of putative nuclear localization signals. The tissue tropism of this virus is wide, infecting cells of the hepatopancreas, gastrointestinal tract, lymphoid organ and muscle tissue. Another unique feature is that it is the only RNA virus of penaeid shrimp that shows a nuclear localization by in situ hybridization. The PvSV has a wide distribution in Brazil and has been found in the states of Maranhão State (Perizes de Baixo), Piaui State (Mexeriqueira), Ceará State (Camocim, Jaguaruana, Aracati and Alto Santo) and Pará State where it has been detected in coinfections with IMNV. The diagnostic methods developed here (real-time RT-PCR and in situ hybridization) are effective for the detection of the pathogen and should be employed to limit its spread. Furthermore, the identification of the PvSV shows the increasing host range of the relatively new family Solinviviridae.
AB - The emergence and spread of disease-causing viruses in shrimp aquaculture is not uncommon. Since 2016, unusual mortalities have been affecting the Brazilian shrimp industry and we have associated these unusual mortalities with a novel variant of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). The transcriptome analysis of these diseased shrimp showed an additional divergent viral sequence that we have assigned to the family Solinviviridae. The novel virus has been tentatively termed Penaeus vannamei solinvivirus (PvSV) (GenBank accession: OP265432). The full-length genome of the PvSV is 10.44 kb (excluding the poly A tail) and codes for a polyprotein of 3326 aa. Five conserved domains coding for a helicase, RdRp, calicivirus coat protein, G-patch and tegument protein were identified. The genome organization of the PvSV is similar to other (Nylan deria fulva virus 1) solinvivirus. A unique feature of this virus that differs from other members of the Solinviviridae is the presence of putative nuclear localization signals. The tissue tropism of this virus is wide, infecting cells of the hepatopancreas, gastrointestinal tract, lymphoid organ and muscle tissue. Another unique feature is that it is the only RNA virus of penaeid shrimp that shows a nuclear localization by in situ hybridization. The PvSV has a wide distribution in Brazil and has been found in the states of Maranhão State (Perizes de Baixo), Piaui State (Mexeriqueira), Ceará State (Camocim, Jaguaruana, Aracati and Alto Santo) and Pará State where it has been detected in coinfections with IMNV. The diagnostic methods developed here (real-time RT-PCR and in situ hybridization) are effective for the detection of the pathogen and should be employed to limit its spread. Furthermore, the identification of the PvSV shows the increasing host range of the relatively new family Solinviviridae.
KW - Penaeus vannamei solinvivirus
KW - PvSV
KW - Solinviviridae
KW - shrimp
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85140765829&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.3390/v14102220
DO - 10.3390/v14102220
M3 - Article
C2 - 36298775
AN - SCOPUS:85140765829
SN - 1999-4915
VL - 14
JO - Viruses
JF - Viruses
IS - 10
M1 - 2220
ER -