Hot electron bolometer heterodyne receiver with a 4.7-THz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator

J. L. Kloosterman; D. J. Hayton; Y. Ren; T. Y. Kao; J. N. Hovenier; J. R. Gao; T. M. Klapwijk; Q. Hu; C. K. Walker; J. L. Reno

doi:10.1063/1.4774085

Hot electron bolometer heterodyne receiver with a 4.7-THz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator

J. L. Kloosterman
, D. J. Hayton
, Y. Ren
, T. Y. Kao
, J. N. Hovenier
, J. R. Gao
, T. M. Klapwijk
, Q. Hu
, C. K. Walker
, J. L. Reno

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

102 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report on a heterodyne receiver designed to observe the astrophysically important neutral atomic oxygen [OI] line at 4.7448 THz. The local oscillator is a third-order distributed feedback quantum cascade laser operating in continuous wave mode at 4.741 THz. A quasi-optical, superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer is used as the mixer. We recorded a double sideband receiver noise temperature (T r e c D S B) of 815 K, which is ∼ 7 times the quantum noise limit (h ν 2 k B) and an Allan variance time of 15 s at an effective noise fluctuation bandwidth of 18 MHz. Heterodyne performance was confirmed by measuring a methanol line spectrum.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	011123
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	102
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4774085
State	Published - Jan 7 2013

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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10.1063/1.4774085

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@article{3074cd5b9d4b4894ae03fa067d7566ea,

title = "Hot electron bolometer heterodyne receiver with a 4.7-THz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator",

abstract = "We report on a heterodyne receiver designed to observe the astrophysically important neutral atomic oxygen [OI] line at 4.7448 THz. The local oscillator is a third-order distributed feedback quantum cascade laser operating in continuous wave mode at 4.741 THz. A quasi-optical, superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer is used as the mixer. We recorded a double sideband receiver noise temperature (T r e c D S B) of 815 K, which is ∼ 7 times the quantum noise limit (h ν 2 k B) and an Allan variance time of 15 s at an effective noise fluctuation bandwidth of 18 MHz. Heterodyne performance was confirmed by measuring a methanol line spectrum.",

author = "Kloosterman, \{J. L.\} and Hayton, \{D. J.\} and Y. Ren and Kao, \{T. Y.\} and Hovenier, \{J. N.\} and Gao, \{J. R.\} and Klapwijk, \{T. M.\} and Q. Hu and Walker, \{C. K.\} and Reno, \{J. L.\}",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge G. Goltsman's group at MSPU for the provision of NbN films. We would like to thank John C. Pearson for his help in understanding methanol lines in the JPL catalog near 4.7 THz. The work of the University of Arizona was supported by NASA Grant No. NN612PK37C. The work in the Netherlands was supported by NWO, KNAW, and NATO SFP. The work at MIT was supported by NASA and NSF. The work at Sandia was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. ",

year = "2013",

month = jan,

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doi = "10.1063/1.4774085",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "102",

journal = "Applied Physics Letters",

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publisher = "American Institute of Physics",

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T1 - Hot electron bolometer heterodyne receiver with a 4.7-THz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator

AU - Kloosterman, J. L.

AU - Hayton, D. J.

AU - Ren, Y.

AU - Kao, T. Y.

AU - Hovenier, J. N.

AU - Gao, J. R.

AU - Klapwijk, T. M.

AU - Hu, Q.

AU - Walker, C. K.

AU - Reno, J. L.

N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge G. Goltsman's group at MSPU for the provision of NbN films. We would like to thank John C. Pearson for his help in understanding methanol lines in the JPL catalog near 4.7 THz. The work of the University of Arizona was supported by NASA Grant No. NN612PK37C. The work in the Netherlands was supported by NWO, KNAW, and NATO SFP. The work at MIT was supported by NASA and NSF. The work at Sandia was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.

PY - 2013/1/7

Y1 - 2013/1/7

N2 - We report on a heterodyne receiver designed to observe the astrophysically important neutral atomic oxygen [OI] line at 4.7448 THz. The local oscillator is a third-order distributed feedback quantum cascade laser operating in continuous wave mode at 4.741 THz. A quasi-optical, superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer is used as the mixer. We recorded a double sideband receiver noise temperature (T r e c D S B) of 815 K, which is ∼ 7 times the quantum noise limit (h ν 2 k B) and an Allan variance time of 15 s at an effective noise fluctuation bandwidth of 18 MHz. Heterodyne performance was confirmed by measuring a methanol line spectrum.

AB - We report on a heterodyne receiver designed to observe the astrophysically important neutral atomic oxygen [OI] line at 4.7448 THz. The local oscillator is a third-order distributed feedback quantum cascade laser operating in continuous wave mode at 4.741 THz. A quasi-optical, superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer is used as the mixer. We recorded a double sideband receiver noise temperature (T r e c D S B) of 815 K, which is ∼ 7 times the quantum noise limit (h ν 2 k B) and an Allan variance time of 15 s at an effective noise fluctuation bandwidth of 18 MHz. Heterodyne performance was confirmed by measuring a methanol line spectrum.

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Hot electron bolometer heterodyne receiver with a 4.7-THz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator

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