@article{fde2353e957b44b4a4343d59e1278a5e,
title = "High resolution spectral imaging of CO(7' 6), [CI](2' 1), and continuum of three high- z lensed dusty star-forming galaxies using ALMA",
abstract = "High-redshift dusty star-forming galaxies with very high star formation rates (500' 3000 Myr1) are key to understanding the formation of the most extreme galaxies in the early Universe. Characterising the gas reservoir of these systems can reveal the driving factor behind the high star formation. Using molecular gas tracers such as, high-J CO lines, neutral carbon lines, and the dust continuum, we can estimate the gas density and radiation field intensity in their interstellar media. In this paper, we present high resolution (-0.4'3) observations of CO(7' 6), [CI](2' 1), and dust continuum of three lensed galaxies from the South pole telescope ' sub-millimetre galaxies (SPT-SMG) sample at z' 3 with the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array. Our sources have high intrinsic star formation rates (> 850 M yr1) and rather short depletion timescales (< 100 Myr). Based on the L[CI](2'1)CO(7-6) and L[CI](2'1)IR ratios, our galaxy sample has similar radiation field intensities and gas densities compared to other submillimetre galaxies. We performed visibility-based lens modelling on these objects to reconstruct the kinematics in the source plane. We find that the cold gas masses of the sources are compatible with simple dynamical mass estimates using ULIRG-like values of the CO-H2 conversion factor αCO, but not Milky Way-like values. We find diverse source kinematics in our sample: SPT0103' 45 and SPT2147' 50 are likely rotating disks, while SPT2357' 51 is possibly a major merger. The analysis presented in the paper could be extended to a larger sample to determine better statistics of morphologies and interstellar medium properties of high-z dusty star-forming galaxies.",
keywords = "Galaxies: ISM, Galaxies: evolution, Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxies: kinematics and dynamics, Galaxies: star formation, Submillimeter: galaxies",
author = "G. Gururajan and M. B{\'e}thermin and P. Theul{\'e} and Spilker, {J. S.} and M. Aravena and Archipley, {M. A.} and Chapman, {S. C.} and {De Breuck}, C. and A. Gonzalez and Hayward, {C. C.} and Y. Hezaveh and R. Hill and S. Jarugula and Litke, {K. C.} and M. Malkan and Marrone, {D. P.} and D. Narayanan and Phadke, {K. A.} and C. Reuter and Vieira, {J. D.} and D. Vizgan and A. Wei{\~a}",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements. We thank Francesco Valentino for providing the data associated with his [CI] data compilation. We thank Zhi-Yu Zhang for sharing his GILDAS/CLASS script to automatically flag bad APEX data. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2017.1.01018.S, ADS/JAO.ALMA#2018.1.01060.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan) and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This publication is based on data acquired with the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX). APEX is a collaboration between the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie, the European Southern Observatory and the Onsala Space Observatory. Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under program-meme ID 097.A-0973. This work was supported by the programmeme National “Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire” (PCMI) of CNRS/INSU with INC/INP co-funded by CEA and CNES. This work was supported by the pro-grammeme National Cosmology et Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, co-funded by CEA and CNES. J.S.S is supported by NASA Hubble Fellowship grant #HF2-51446 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. M.A. acknowledges support from FONDECYT grant 1211951, ANID+PCI+INSTITUTO MAX PLANCK DE ASTRONOMIA MPG 190030, ANID+PCI+REDES 190194 and ANID BASAL project FB210003. M.A.A. and J.V. acknowledge support from the center for AstroPhysical Surveys at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications in Urbana, IL. J.V. acknowledges support from the Sloan Foundation. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} G. Gururajan et al. 2022.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202142172",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "663",
journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
issn = "0004-6361",
publisher = "EDP Sciences",
}