HI4PI: A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS

N. Ben Bekhti; L. Flöer; R. Keller; J. Kerp; D. Lenz; B. Winkel; J. Bailin; M. R. Calabretta; L. Dedes; H. A. Ford; B. K. Gibson; U. Haud; S. Janowiecki; P. M.W. Kalberla; F. J. Lockman; N. M. McClure-Griffiths; T. Murphy; H. Nakanishi; D. J. Pisano; L. Staveley-Smith

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629178

HI4PI: A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS

N. Ben Bekhti, L. Flöer, R. Keller, J. Kerp, D. Lenz, B. Winkel, J. Bailin, M. R. Calabretta, L. Dedes, H. A. Ford, B. K. Gibson, U. Haud, S. Janowiecki, P. M.W. Kalberla, F. J. Lockman, N. M. McClure-Griffiths, T. Murphy, H. Nakanishi, D. J. Pisano, L. Staveley-Smith

Steward Observatory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

675 Scopus citations

Abstract

Context. Measurement of the Galactic neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) column density, N_{H i}, and brightness temperatures, T_B, is of high scientific value for a broad range of astrophysical disciplines. In the past two decades, one of the most-used legacy H i datasets has been the Leiden/Argentine/Bonn Survey (LAB). Aims. We release the H i 4π survey (HI4PI), an all-sky database of Galactic H i, which supersedes the LAB survey. Methods. The HI4PI survey is based on data from the recently completed first coverage of the Effelsberg-Bonn H i Survey (EBHIS) and from the third revision of the Galactic All-Sky Survey (GASS). EBHIS and GASS share similar angular resolution and match well in sensitivity. Combined, they are ideally suited to be a successor to LAB. Results. The new HI4PI survey outperforms the LAB in angular resolution (ν_FWHM = 16′.2) and sensitivity (σ_rms = 43 mK). Moreover, it has full spatial sampling and thus overcomes a major drawback of LAB, which severely undersamples the sky. We publish all-sky column density maps of the neutral atomic hydrogen in the Milky Way, along with full spectroscopic data, in several map projections including HEALPix.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	A116
Journal	Astronomy and astrophysics
Volume	594
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629178
State	Published - Oct 1 2016

Keywords

ISM: atoms
Surveys
Techniques: spectroscopic

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

10.1051/0004-6361/201629178

Cite this

Ben Bekhti, N., Flöer, L., Keller, R., Kerp, J., Lenz, D., Winkel, B., Bailin, J., Calabretta, M. R., Dedes, L., Ford, H. A., Gibson, B. K., Haud, U., Janowiecki, S., Kalberla, P. M. W., Lockman, F. J., McClure-Griffiths, N. M., Murphy, T., Nakanishi, H., Pisano, D. J., & Staveley-Smith, L. (2016). HI4PI: A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS. Astronomy and astrophysics, 594, Article A116. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629178

Ben Bekhti, N, Flöer, L, Keller, R, Kerp, J, Lenz, D, Winkel, B, Bailin, J, Calabretta, MR, Dedes, L, Ford, HA, Gibson, BK, Haud, U, Janowiecki, S, Kalberla, PMW, Lockman, FJ, McClure-Griffiths, NM, Murphy, T, Nakanishi, H, Pisano, DJ & Staveley-Smith, L 2016, 'HI4PI: A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS', Astronomy and astrophysics, vol. 594, A116. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629178

@article{4b5fa58fd9b545cf92a50e04e9abbb2f,

title = "HI4PI: A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS",

abstract = "Context. Measurement of the Galactic neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) column density, NH i, and brightness temperatures, TB, is of high scientific value for a broad range of astrophysical disciplines. In the past two decades, one of the most-used legacy H i datasets has been the Leiden/Argentine/Bonn Survey (LAB). Aims. We release the H i 4π survey (HI4PI), an all-sky database of Galactic H i, which supersedes the LAB survey. Methods. The HI4PI survey is based on data from the recently completed first coverage of the Effelsberg-Bonn H i Survey (EBHIS) and from the third revision of the Galactic All-Sky Survey (GASS). EBHIS and GASS share similar angular resolution and match well in sensitivity. Combined, they are ideally suited to be a successor to LAB. Results. The new HI4PI survey outperforms the LAB in angular resolution (νFWHM = 16′.2) and sensitivity (σrms = 43 mK). Moreover, it has full spatial sampling and thus overcomes a major drawback of LAB, which severely undersamples the sky. We publish all-sky column density maps of the neutral atomic hydrogen in the Milky Way, along with full spectroscopic data, in several map projections including HEALPix.",

keywords = "ISM: atoms, Surveys, Techniques: spectroscopic",

author = "{Ben Bekhti}, N. and L. Fl{\"o}er and R. Keller and J. Kerp and D. Lenz and B. Winkel and J. Bailin and Calabretta, {M. R.} and L. Dedes and Ford, {H. A.} and Gibson, {B. K.} and U. Haud and S. Janowiecki and Kalberla, {P. M.W.} and Lockman, {F. J.} and McClure-Griffiths, {N. M.} and T. Murphy and H. Nakanishi and Pisano, {D. J.} and L. Staveley-Smith",

note = "Funding Information: We are grateful to Alexander Kraus for carefully proofreading the manuscript and for his valuable comments. Furthermore, we like to thank the referee, Peter Martin, for his suggestions, which improved the overall presentation of the paper significantly. EBHIS is based on observations with the 100-m telescope of the MPIfR (Max-Planck-Institut f{\"u}r Radioastronomie) at Effelsberg. The Parkes Radio Telescope is part of the Australia Telescope which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. The authors thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for support under grant numbers KA1265/5-1, KA1265/5-2, KE757/7-1, KE757/7-2, KE757/7-3, and KE757/11-1. B.W. was partially funded by the International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne (IMPRS Bonn/Cologne). L.F. was also a member of IMPRS Bonn/Cologne. D.L. is a member of the Bonn-Cologne Graduate School of Physics and Astronomy (BCGS). U.H. acknowledges the support by the Estonian Research Council grant IUT26-2, and by the European Regional Development Fund (TK133). N.M.-G. is supported by Australian Research Council Future Fellowship, FT150100024. J.B. is also an Adjunct Astronomer at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. D.J.P. was partially supported by NSF CAREER grant AST-1149491. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. We would like to express our gratitude to the developers of the many C/C++ and Python libraries, made available as open-source software, which we have used: most importantly, NumPy (van der Walt et al. 2011) and SciPy (Jones et al. 2001), Cython (Behnel et al. 2011), and Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). Figures have been prepared using matplotlib (Hunter 2007) and in part using the Kapteyn package (Terlouw & Vogelaar 2015). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 ESO.",

year = "2016",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201629178",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "594",

journal = "Astronomy and astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - HI4PI

T2 - A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS

AU - Ben Bekhti, N.

AU - Flöer, L.

AU - Keller, R.

AU - Kerp, J.

AU - Lenz, D.

AU - Winkel, B.

AU - Bailin, J.

AU - Calabretta, M. R.

AU - Dedes, L.

AU - Ford, H. A.

AU - Gibson, B. K.

AU - Haud, U.

AU - Janowiecki, S.

AU - Kalberla, P. M.W.

AU - Lockman, F. J.

AU - McClure-Griffiths, N. M.

AU - Murphy, T.

AU - Nakanishi, H.

AU - Pisano, D. J.

AU - Staveley-Smith, L.

N1 - Funding Information: We are grateful to Alexander Kraus for carefully proofreading the manuscript and for his valuable comments. Furthermore, we like to thank the referee, Peter Martin, for his suggestions, which improved the overall presentation of the paper significantly. EBHIS is based on observations with the 100-m telescope of the MPIfR (Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie) at Effelsberg. The Parkes Radio Telescope is part of the Australia Telescope which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. The authors thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for support under grant numbers KA1265/5-1, KA1265/5-2, KE757/7-1, KE757/7-2, KE757/7-3, and KE757/11-1. B.W. was partially funded by the International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne (IMPRS Bonn/Cologne). L.F. was also a member of IMPRS Bonn/Cologne. D.L. is a member of the Bonn-Cologne Graduate School of Physics and Astronomy (BCGS). U.H. acknowledges the support by the Estonian Research Council grant IUT26-2, and by the European Regional Development Fund (TK133). N.M.-G. is supported by Australian Research Council Future Fellowship, FT150100024. J.B. is also an Adjunct Astronomer at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. D.J.P. was partially supported by NSF CAREER grant AST-1149491. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. We would like to express our gratitude to the developers of the many C/C++ and Python libraries, made available as open-source software, which we have used: most importantly, NumPy (van der Walt et al. 2011) and SciPy (Jones et al. 2001), Cython (Behnel et al. 2011), and Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). Figures have been prepared using matplotlib (Hunter 2007) and in part using the Kapteyn package (Terlouw & Vogelaar 2015). Publisher Copyright: © 2016 ESO.

PY - 2016/10/1

Y1 - 2016/10/1

N2 - Context. Measurement of the Galactic neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) column density, NH i, and brightness temperatures, TB, is of high scientific value for a broad range of astrophysical disciplines. In the past two decades, one of the most-used legacy H i datasets has been the Leiden/Argentine/Bonn Survey (LAB). Aims. We release the H i 4π survey (HI4PI), an all-sky database of Galactic H i, which supersedes the LAB survey. Methods. The HI4PI survey is based on data from the recently completed first coverage of the Effelsberg-Bonn H i Survey (EBHIS) and from the third revision of the Galactic All-Sky Survey (GASS). EBHIS and GASS share similar angular resolution and match well in sensitivity. Combined, they are ideally suited to be a successor to LAB. Results. The new HI4PI survey outperforms the LAB in angular resolution (νFWHM = 16′.2) and sensitivity (σrms = 43 mK). Moreover, it has full spatial sampling and thus overcomes a major drawback of LAB, which severely undersamples the sky. We publish all-sky column density maps of the neutral atomic hydrogen in the Milky Way, along with full spectroscopic data, in several map projections including HEALPix.

AB - Context. Measurement of the Galactic neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) column density, NH i, and brightness temperatures, TB, is of high scientific value for a broad range of astrophysical disciplines. In the past two decades, one of the most-used legacy H i datasets has been the Leiden/Argentine/Bonn Survey (LAB). Aims. We release the H i 4π survey (HI4PI), an all-sky database of Galactic H i, which supersedes the LAB survey. Methods. The HI4PI survey is based on data from the recently completed first coverage of the Effelsberg-Bonn H i Survey (EBHIS) and from the third revision of the Galactic All-Sky Survey (GASS). EBHIS and GASS share similar angular resolution and match well in sensitivity. Combined, they are ideally suited to be a successor to LAB. Results. The new HI4PI survey outperforms the LAB in angular resolution (νFWHM = 16′.2) and sensitivity (σrms = 43 mK). Moreover, it has full spatial sampling and thus overcomes a major drawback of LAB, which severely undersamples the sky. We publish all-sky column density maps of the neutral atomic hydrogen in the Milky Way, along with full spectroscopic data, in several map projections including HEALPix.

KW - ISM: atoms

KW - Surveys

KW - Techniques: spectroscopic

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JO - Astronomy and astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and astrophysics

M1 - A116

ER -

HI4PI: A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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Radio Astronomy HI 4 PI low resolution Cartesian Image Cube

HI4PI spectra and column density maps

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HI4PI: A full-sky Hi survey based on EBHIS and GASS

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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Other files and links

Fingerprint

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Radio Astronomy HI 4 PI low resolution Cartesian Image Cube

HI4PI spectra and column density maps

Cite this