Genetically distinct genogroup IV norovirus strains identified in wastewater

Masaaki Kitajima; Andri T. Rachmadi; Brandon C. Iker; Eiji Haramoto; Charles P. Gerba

doi:10.1007/s00705-016-3036-z

Genetically distinct genogroup IV norovirus strains identified in wastewater

Masaaki Kitajima, Andri T. Rachmadi, Brandon C. Iker, Eiji Haramoto, Charles P. Gerba

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

We investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of genogroup IV norovirus (GIV NoV) strains in wastewater in Arizona, United States, over a 13-month period. Among 50 wastewater samples tested, GIV NoVs were identified in 13 (26 %) of the samples. A total of 47 different GIV NoV strains were identified, which were classified into two genetically distinct clusters: the GIV.1 human cluster and a unique genetic cluster closely related to strains previously identified in Japanese wastewater. The results provide additional evidence of the considerable genetic diversity among GIV NoV strains through the analysis of wastewater containing virus strains shed from all populations.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	3521-3525
Number of pages	5
Journal	Archives of virology
Volume	161
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3036-z
State	Published - Dec 1 2016

Keywords

Arizona
Genetic diversity
Norovirus
Seminested PCR
Wastewater treatment plant

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Virology

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10.1007/s00705-016-3036-z

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title = "Genetically distinct genogroup IV norovirus strains identified in wastewater",

abstract = "We investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of genogroup IV norovirus (GIV NoV) strains in wastewater in Arizona, United States, over a 13-month period. Among 50 wastewater samples tested, GIV NoVs were identified in 13 (26 %) of the samples. A total of 47 different GIV NoV strains were identified, which were classified into two genetically distinct clusters: the GIV.1 human cluster and a unique genetic cluster closely related to strains previously identified in Japanese wastewater. The results provide additional evidence of the considerable genetic diversity among GIV NoV strains through the analysis of wastewater containing virus strains shed from all populations.",

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author = "Masaaki Kitajima and Rachmadi, {Andri T.} and Iker, {Brandon C.} and Eiji Haramoto and Gerba, {Charles P.}",

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T1 - Genetically distinct genogroup IV norovirus strains identified in wastewater

AU - Kitajima, Masaaki

AU - Rachmadi, Andri T.

AU - Iker, Brandon C.

AU - Haramoto, Eiji

AU - Gerba, Charles P.

PY - 2016/12/1

Y1 - 2016/12/1

N2 - We investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of genogroup IV norovirus (GIV NoV) strains in wastewater in Arizona, United States, over a 13-month period. Among 50 wastewater samples tested, GIV NoVs were identified in 13 (26 %) of the samples. A total of 47 different GIV NoV strains were identified, which were classified into two genetically distinct clusters: the GIV.1 human cluster and a unique genetic cluster closely related to strains previously identified in Japanese wastewater. The results provide additional evidence of the considerable genetic diversity among GIV NoV strains through the analysis of wastewater containing virus strains shed from all populations.

AB - We investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of genogroup IV norovirus (GIV NoV) strains in wastewater in Arizona, United States, over a 13-month period. Among 50 wastewater samples tested, GIV NoVs were identified in 13 (26 %) of the samples. A total of 47 different GIV NoV strains were identified, which were classified into two genetically distinct clusters: the GIV.1 human cluster and a unique genetic cluster closely related to strains previously identified in Japanese wastewater. The results provide additional evidence of the considerable genetic diversity among GIV NoV strains through the analysis of wastewater containing virus strains shed from all populations.

KW - Arizona

KW - Genetic diversity

KW - Norovirus

KW - Seminested PCR

KW - Wastewater treatment plant

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Genetically distinct genogroup IV norovirus strains identified in wastewater

Abstract

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