Abstract
Over the past three decades, the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has rapidly and relentlessly increased, and in the United States, 8.3% have T2D. In order to prevent the epidemic rise, it is necessary to define the genetic and epigenetic defects responsible for characterizing this common and complex disease. T2D is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and arises from a combination of insuLin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Environmental factors including physical inactivity and caloric excess play a key role in the development of the disease. However, genetic factors also contribute to the pathogenesis of T2D, and more recently, epigenetic influences such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs have been proposed in the pathogenesis of this complex disease. This article will provide an up-to-date review on the genetics and epigenetics of T2D.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Pathobiology of Human Disease |
Subtitle of host publication | A Dynamic Encyclopedia of Disease Mechanisms |
Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
Pages | 467-476 |
Number of pages | 10 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780123864567 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780123864574 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2014 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Candidate gene association studies
- DNA methylation
- Epigenetics
- GWAS
- Genetics
- Genome-wide Linkage mapping
- Genome-wide association studies
- HeritabiLity
- Histone modifications
- Human genome
- Meta-analysis
- MicroRNAs
- Next-generation sequencing
- Rare variation
- Type 2 diabetes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Medicine