TY - JOUR
T1 - Gendered movement ecology and landscape use in Hadza hunter-gatherers
AU - Wood, Brian M.
AU - Harris, Jacob A.
AU - Raichlen, David A.
AU - Pontzer, Herman
AU - Sayre, Katherine
AU - Sancilio, Amelia
AU - Berbesque, Colette
AU - Crittenden, Alyssa N.
AU - Mabulla, Audax
AU - McElreath, Richard
AU - Cashdan, Elizabeth
AU - Jones, James Holland
N1 - Funding Information:
This paper is dedicated to Frank Marlowe (1957–2019). We are indebted to the many Hadza research participants whose co-operation enabled this research. We also thank C. Wood, B. Paolo, M. Anyawire, I. Mabulla, R. Matiyas, J. Cissewski, C. Schmeling, N. Schmeling, D. Peterson and T. Peterson. For funding, we thank the National Science Foundation, the Leakey Foundation, the National Geographic Society, Yale University, The University of California, Los Angeles and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
Approval for this research was provided by all governing organizations (Institutional Review Boards at Harvard University, Yale University, Hunter College, the University of Arizona, University of California, Los Angeles; The Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology and the National Institute for Medical Research in Tanzania). All research participants provided their informed consent prior to participating in this project.
Funding Information:
Research participants. During the fieldwork for this research, we sought out those Hadza camps where people were subsisting from hunting and gathering for the vast majority of their diet. We did not carry out work among camps where wage labour or tourism was occurring. During our research periods, we estimate that 90–100% of the calories consumed in these camps were derived from wild foods. The remaining fraction was comprised of agricultural products acquired through trade or food aid distributed by missionaries or government programmes. In Supplementary Table 1, we tabulate demographic information about research participants in this study. Approval for this research was provided by all governing organizations (Institutional Review Boards at Harvard University, Yale University, Hunter College, the University of Arizona and University of California, Los Angeles as well as the Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology and the National Institute for Medical Research in Tanzania). All research participants provided their informed consent prior to participating in this project.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - Understanding how gendered economic roles structure space use is critical to evolutionary models of foraging behaviour, social organization and cognition. Here, we examine hunter-gatherer spatial behaviour on a very large scale, using GPS devices worn by Hadza foragers to record 2,078 person-days of movement. Theory in movement ecology suggests that the density and mobility of targeted foods should predict spatial behaviour and that strong gender differences should arise in a hunter-gatherer context. As predicted, we find that men walked further per day, explored more land, followed more sinuous paths and were more likely to be alone. These data are consistent with the ecology of male- and female-targeted foods and suggest that male landscape use is more navigationally challenging in this hunter-gatherer context. Comparisons of Hadza space use with space use data available for non-human primates suggest that the sexual division of labour likely co-evolved with increased sex differences in spatial behaviour and landscape use.
AB - Understanding how gendered economic roles structure space use is critical to evolutionary models of foraging behaviour, social organization and cognition. Here, we examine hunter-gatherer spatial behaviour on a very large scale, using GPS devices worn by Hadza foragers to record 2,078 person-days of movement. Theory in movement ecology suggests that the density and mobility of targeted foods should predict spatial behaviour and that strong gender differences should arise in a hunter-gatherer context. As predicted, we find that men walked further per day, explored more land, followed more sinuous paths and were more likely to be alone. These data are consistent with the ecology of male- and female-targeted foods and suggest that male landscape use is more navigationally challenging in this hunter-gatherer context. Comparisons of Hadza space use with space use data available for non-human primates suggest that the sexual division of labour likely co-evolved with increased sex differences in spatial behaviour and landscape use.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41562-020-01002-7
DO - 10.1038/s41562-020-01002-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 33398143
AN - SCOPUS:85098797578
VL - 5
SP - 436
EP - 446
JO - Nature Human Behaviour
JF - Nature Human Behaviour
SN - 2397-3374
IS - 4
ER -