Gamma-ray variability of the BL lacertae object Markarian 421

J. H. Buckley; C. W. Akerlof; S. Biller; D. A. Carter-Lewis; M. Catanese; M. F. Cawley; V. Connaughton; D. J. Fegan; J. P. Finley; J. Gaidos; A. M. Hillas; J. F. Kartje; A. Königl; F. Krennrich; R. C. Lamb; R. Lessard; D. J. Macomb; J. R. Mattox; J. E. McEnery; G. Mohanty; J. Quinn; A. J. Rodgers; H. J. Rose; M. S. Schubnel; G. L. Sembroski; P. S. Smith; T. C. Weekes; C. Wilson; J. Zweerink

doi:10.1086/310352

Gamma-ray variability of the BL lacertae object Markarian 421

J. H. Buckley, C. W. Akerlof, S. Biller, D. A. Carter-Lewis, M. Catanese, M. F. Cawley, V. Connaughton, D. J. Fegan, J. P. Finley, J. Gaidos, A. M. Hillas, J. F. Kartje, A. Königl, F. Krennrich, R. C. Lamb, R. Lessard, D. J. Macomb, J. R. Mattox, J. E. McEnery, G. MohantyJ. Quinn, A. J. Rodgers, H. J. Rose, M. S. Schubnel, G. L. Sembroski, P. S. Smith, T. C. Weekes, C. Wilson, J. Zweerink

Steward Observatory

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Abstract

We report on the γ-ray variability of Mrk 421 at E_γ > 300 GeV during the 1995 season, and concentrate on the results of an intense multiwavelength observing campaign in the period April 20 to May 5, which included >100 MeV γ-ray, X-ray, extreme-ultraviolet, optical, and radio observations, some of which show evidence for correlated behavior. Rapid variations in the TeV γ-ray light curve with doubling and decay times of ≲1 day require a compact emission region and significant Doppler boosting. The TeV data reveal that the γ-ray emission is best characterized by a succession of rapid flares with a relatively low baseline level of steady emission.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	L9-L12
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	472
Issue number	1 PART II
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/310352
State	Published - 1996

Keywords

BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421)
Gamma rays: observations

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1086/310352

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Buckley, J. H., Akerlof, C. W., Biller, S., Carter-Lewis, D. A., Catanese, M., Cawley, M. F., Connaughton, V., Fegan, D. J., Finley, J. P., Gaidos, J., Hillas, A. M., Kartje, J. F., Königl, A., Krennrich, F., Lamb, R. C., Lessard, R., Macomb, D. J., Mattox, J. R., McEnery, J. E., ... Zweerink, J. (1996). Gamma-ray variability of the BL lacertae object Markarian 421. Astrophysical Journal, 472(1 PART II), L9-L12. https://doi.org/10.1086/310352

Buckley, JH, Akerlof, CW, Biller, S, Carter-Lewis, DA, Catanese, M, Cawley, MF, Connaughton, V, Fegan, DJ, Finley, JP, Gaidos, J, Hillas, AM, Kartje, JF, Königl, A, Krennrich, F, Lamb, RC, Lessard, R, Macomb, DJ, Mattox, JR, McEnery, JE, Mohanty, G, Quinn, J, Rodgers, AJ, Rose, HJ, Schubnel, MS, Sembroski, GL, Smith, PS, Weekes, TC, Wilson, C & Zweerink, J 1996, 'Gamma-ray variability of the BL lacertae object Markarian 421', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 472, no. 1 PART II, pp. L9-L12. https://doi.org/10.1086/310352

@article{dcffc15412494c7398682d6996f70c82,

title = "Gamma-ray variability of the BL lacertae object Markarian 421",

abstract = "We report on the γ-ray variability of Mrk 421 at Eγ > 300 GeV during the 1995 season, and concentrate on the results of an intense multiwavelength observing campaign in the period April 20 to May 5, which included >100 MeV γ-ray, X-ray, extreme-ultraviolet, optical, and radio observations, some of which show evidence for correlated behavior. Rapid variations in the TeV γ-ray light curve with doubling and decay times of ≲1 day require a compact emission region and significant Doppler boosting. The TeV data reveal that the γ-ray emission is best characterized by a succession of rapid flares with a relatively low baseline level of steady emission.",

keywords = "BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421), Gamma rays: observations",

author = "Buckley, {J. H.} and Akerlof, {C. W.} and S. Biller and Carter-Lewis, {D. A.} and M. Catanese and Cawley, {M. F.} and V. Connaughton and Fegan, {D. J.} and Finley, {J. P.} and J. Gaidos and Hillas, {A. M.} and Kartje, {J. F.} and A. K{\"o}nigl and F. Krennrich and Lamb, {R. C.} and R. Lessard and Macomb, {D. J.} and Mattox, {J. R.} and McEnery, {J. E.} and G. Mohanty and J. Quinn and Rodgers, {A. J.} and Rose, {H. J.} and Schubnel, {M. S.} and Sembroski, {G. L.} and Smith, {P. S.} and Weekes, {T. C.} and C. Wilson and J. Zweerink",

note = "Funding Information: We wish to thank M. F. Aller and H. D. Aller for making their radio observations available, and S. Wagner and P. Coppi for useful discussions. This research is supported by grants from the US Department of Energy and by NASA, by PPARC in the UK, and by Forbairt in Ireland.",

year = "1996",

doi = "10.1086/310352",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "472",

pages = "L9--L12",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1 PART II",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gamma-ray variability of the BL lacertae object Markarian 421

AU - Buckley, J. H.

AU - Akerlof, C. W.

AU - Biller, S.

AU - Carter-Lewis, D. A.

AU - Catanese, M.

AU - Cawley, M. F.

AU - Connaughton, V.

AU - Fegan, D. J.

AU - Finley, J. P.

AU - Gaidos, J.

AU - Hillas, A. M.

AU - Kartje, J. F.

AU - Königl, A.

AU - Krennrich, F.

AU - Lamb, R. C.

AU - Lessard, R.

AU - Macomb, D. J.

AU - Mattox, J. R.

AU - McEnery, J. E.

AU - Mohanty, G.

AU - Quinn, J.

AU - Rodgers, A. J.

AU - Rose, H. J.

AU - Schubnel, M. S.

AU - Sembroski, G. L.

AU - Smith, P. S.

AU - Weekes, T. C.

AU - Wilson, C.

AU - Zweerink, J.

N1 - Funding Information: We wish to thank M. F. Aller and H. D. Aller for making their radio observations available, and S. Wagner and P. Coppi for useful discussions. This research is supported by grants from the US Department of Energy and by NASA, by PPARC in the UK, and by Forbairt in Ireland.

PY - 1996

Y1 - 1996

N2 - We report on the γ-ray variability of Mrk 421 at Eγ > 300 GeV during the 1995 season, and concentrate on the results of an intense multiwavelength observing campaign in the period April 20 to May 5, which included >100 MeV γ-ray, X-ray, extreme-ultraviolet, optical, and radio observations, some of which show evidence for correlated behavior. Rapid variations in the TeV γ-ray light curve with doubling and decay times of ≲1 day require a compact emission region and significant Doppler boosting. The TeV data reveal that the γ-ray emission is best characterized by a succession of rapid flares with a relatively low baseline level of steady emission.

AB - We report on the γ-ray variability of Mrk 421 at Eγ > 300 GeV during the 1995 season, and concentrate on the results of an intense multiwavelength observing campaign in the period April 20 to May 5, which included >100 MeV γ-ray, X-ray, extreme-ultraviolet, optical, and radio observations, some of which show evidence for correlated behavior. Rapid variations in the TeV γ-ray light curve with doubling and decay times of ≲1 day require a compact emission region and significant Doppler boosting. The TeV data reveal that the γ-ray emission is best characterized by a succession of rapid flares with a relatively low baseline level of steady emission.

KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421)

KW - Gamma rays: observations

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SN - 0004-637X

VL - 472

SP - L9-L12

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1 PART II

ER -

Gamma-ray variability of the BL lacertae object Markarian 421

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Keywords

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