@article{0e1a84655fa94876a57558530aefe5ce,
title = "Evolution of uranium monoxide in femtosecond laser-induced uranium plasmas",
abstract = "We report on the observation of uranium monoxide (UO) emission following fs laser ablation (LA) of a uranium metal sample. The formation and evolution of the molecular emission is studied under various ambient air pressures. Observation of UO emission spectra at a rarefied residual air pressure of ∼1 Torr indicates that the UO molecule is readily formed in the expanding plasma with trace concentrations of oxygen present within the vacuum chamber. The persistence of the UO emission exceeded that of the atomic emission; however, the molecular emission was delayed in time compared to the atomic emission due to the necessary cooling and expansion of the plasma before the UO molecules can form.",
author = "Hartig, {Kyle C.} and Harilal, {Sivanandan S.} and Phillips, {Mark C.} and Brumfield, {Brian E.} and Igor Jovanovic",
note = "Funding Information: This work is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development (NA-22). This work was funded in part by the Consortium for Verification Technology under U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Award Number DE-NA0002534 and by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award Number 2012.05 DN-130-NF0001. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. DOE by the Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RLO1830. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The authors would like to acknowledge the Pennsylvania State University Environmental Health and Safety's Radiation Protection Office for their support in licensing the experimental facilities and obtaining the uranium samples used in this work as well as the staff of the Pennsylvania State University's Radiation Science and Engineering Center for assisting with gaining access to uranium samples. The authors would like to personally thank and acknowledge Radiation Safety Officer Jeff Leavey, who passed away shortly before this work was completed and was involved in the licensing and regulation of our laboratory space. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Optical Society of America.",
year = "2017",
month = may,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1364/OE.25.011477",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "25",
pages = "11477--11490",
journal = "Optics Express",
issn = "1094-4087",
publisher = "The Optical Society",
number = "10",
}