TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of potassium permanganate for inactivation of bacteriophage ms-2 in water systems
AU - Yahya, Moyasar T.
AU - Gerba, Charles P.
AU - Landeen, Lee K.
AU - Forsthoefel, Nancy R.
AU - Kujawa, Keith
N1 - Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to acknowledge Carus Chemical Company for financial support.
PY - 1989/12/1
Y1 - 1989/12/1
N2 - Potassium permanganate (KMn04) has been as an oxidant for decades to remove and control iron and manganese in surface water supplies. This oxidant was investigated for its ability to inactivate bacteriophage MS-2 and thereby reduce the amount of chlorine required for a 99.99% reduction of virus during drinking water treatment as required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Surface Treatment Rule (U.S. EPA 1989). Experiments were conducted in potassium monophosphate buffer (pH 6.0 and pH 8.0) at 7°C. At time intervals from 0 to 30 min, samples were taken and mixed immediately with a solution of sodium thiosulfate:sodium thioglycolate to neutralize residual KMnO4. At 0.5 and 5.0 mg/L KMnO4, results showed no significant differences (p<:0.05) in the inactivation of MS-2 between experiments done at pH 6.0 and those at pH 8.0. Ninety-nine percent of the virus was inactivated after 50, 35, and 5 min of exposure time to 0.5, 1.5, and 5.0 mg/L potassium permanganate at pH 8.0, respectively. It appears that at the currently used levels of KMnO4 (up to 10 mg/L), this oxidant may supplement high levels of chlorination in the disinfection of water systems.
AB - Potassium permanganate (KMn04) has been as an oxidant for decades to remove and control iron and manganese in surface water supplies. This oxidant was investigated for its ability to inactivate bacteriophage MS-2 and thereby reduce the amount of chlorine required for a 99.99% reduction of virus during drinking water treatment as required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Surface Treatment Rule (U.S. EPA 1989). Experiments were conducted in potassium monophosphate buffer (pH 6.0 and pH 8.0) at 7°C. At time intervals from 0 to 30 min, samples were taken and mixed immediately with a solution of sodium thiosulfate:sodium thioglycolate to neutralize residual KMnO4. At 0.5 and 5.0 mg/L KMnO4, results showed no significant differences (p<:0.05) in the inactivation of MS-2 between experiments done at pH 6.0 and those at pH 8.0. Ninety-nine percent of the virus was inactivated after 50, 35, and 5 min of exposure time to 0.5, 1.5, and 5.0 mg/L potassium permanganate at pH 8.0, respectively. It appears that at the currently used levels of KMnO4 (up to 10 mg/L), this oxidant may supplement high levels of chlorination in the disinfection of water systems.
KW - bacteriophage
KW - disinfection
KW - potassium permanganate
KW - virus
KW - water treatment
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U2 - 10.1080/10934528909375530
DO - 10.1080/10934528909375530
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0024890221
SN - 0360-1226
VL - 24
SP - 979
EP - 989
JO - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering
JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering
IS - 8
ER -