Effects of repeated green tea catechin administration on human cytochrome P450 activity

Purpose: Preclinical studies suggested that green tea or green tea catechins can modulate the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes. We conducted this clinical study to determine the effect of repeated green tea catechin administration on human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme activities. Methods: Forty-two healthy volunteers underwent a 4-week washout period by refraining from tea or tea-related products. At the end of the washout period, study participants received a cocktail of CYP metabolic probe drugs, including caffeine, dextromethorphan, losartan, and buspirone for assessing the activity of CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4, respectively. Blood and urine samples before and 8 h after probe drug administration were collected to determine parent drug and metabolite concentrations for measurements of baseline CYP enzyme activities. Following the baseline evaluation, study participants underwent 4 weeks of green tea catechin intervention at a dose that contains 800 mg epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) daily. The green tea catechin product was taken on an empty stomach to optimize the p.o. bioavailability of EGCG. The EGCG dose given in this study exceeded the amounts provided by average green tea consumption. Upon completion of the green tea catechin intervention, the postintervention CYP enzyme activities were evaluated as described above. Results: There are large between-subject variations in CYP enzyme activities in healthy individuals. Four weeks of green tea catechin intervention did not alter the phenotypic indices of CYP1A2, CYP12D6, and CYP12C9, but resulted in a 20% increase (P = 0.01) in the area under the plasma buspirone concentration-time profile, suggesting a small reduction in CYP3A4 activity. Conclusions: We conclude that repeated green tea catechin administration is not likely to result in clinically significant effects on the disposition of drugs metabolized by CYP enzymes.