Effect of simple carbohydrates, casein hydrolysate, and a lipid test meal on ethane exhalation rate

To determine the potential differences in the effect of various nutrients on lipid peroxidation, the ethane exhalation (EE) rate, an index of lipid peroxidation, was measured in rats at 4 (young), 18 (intermediate age), and 24 (aged) mo of age at fasting conditions and after acute ingestion of various test meals. The EE rate (means ± SD) after a 15-h fast was significantly reduced in 24-mo-old rats (2.45 ± 0.44 pmol · min^-1 · 100 g body wt^-1) and 18-mo-old rats (3.51 ± 0.55 pmol · min^-1 · 100 g body wt^-1) compared with 4-mo-old rats (4.44 ± 0.66 pmol · min^-1 · 100 g body wt^-1; P < 0.01). The EE rate significantly increased in 4-mo-old rats after ingestion of 50% (wt/vol) dextrose (8.59 ± 2.9 pmol · min^-1 · 100 g body wt^-1), 50% casein hydrolysate (6.77 ± 1.23 pmol · min^-1 · 100 g body wt^-1), and 20% neutral lipid emulsion (7.33 ± 1.96 pmol · min^-1 · 100 g body wt^-1; P < 0.01). The response of aged rats to these nutrients compared with young rats was reduced by ~50%. A 25% dextrose solution or a 50% solution of sucrose, fructose, maltose, or galactose did not significantly alter EE rate. It is concluded that various macronutrients have a diverse potential of inducing lipid peroxidation. The responsiveness of aged rats to meal-induced enhancement of EE and presumably lipid peroxidation is significantly reduced.