@article{b650954956d74801ab6e6956bbea4893,
title = "Effect of insomnia treatments on depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis",
abstract = "Background: Insomnia is frequently co-morbid with depression, with a bidirectional relationship between these disorders. There is evidence that insomnia-specific interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, may lead to improvements in depression. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine whether treatment of insomnia leads to improved depression outcomes in individuals with both insomnia and depression. Methods: We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effect of treatment for insomnia disorder on depression in patients with both disorders. Results: Three thousand eight hundred and fifteen studies were reviewed, and 23 studies met inclusion criteria. Although all of the studies suggested a positive clinical effect of insomnia treatment on depression outcomes, most of the results were not statistically significant. Although the interventions and populations were highly variable, the meta-analysis indicates moderate to large effect size (ES) improvement in depression as measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (ES = −1.29, 95%CI [−2.11, −0.47]) and Beck Depression Inventory (ES = −0.68, 95%CI [−1.29, −0.06]). Conclusions: These results support that treating insomnia in patients with depression has a positive effect on mood. Future trials are needed to identify the subtypes of patients whose depression improves during treatment with insomnia-specific interventions, and to identify the mechanisms by which treating insomnia improves mood.",
keywords = "cognitive therapy, comorbidity, depressive disorder, major, remission induction, sleep initiation and maintenance disorders",
author = "Gebara, {Marie Anne} and Nalyn Siripong and DiNapoli, {Elizabeth A.} and Maree, {Rachel D.} and Anne Germain and Reynolds, {Charles F.} and Kasckow, {John W.} and Weiss, {Patricia M.} and Karp, {Jordan F.}",
note = "Funding Information: Dr. Reynolds reports being supported by the NIH (P30 MH90333) and the UPMC Endowment in Geriatric Psychiatry; having received medication supplies for investigator-initiated trials from Bristol Mey-ers Squibb, Forrest Labs, Lily, and Pfizer; and receives royalties from industry-sponsored use of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), to which he holds intellectual property rights. Dr. Karp receives funding from NIH and has received medication supplies for investigator-initiated trials from Indivior and Pfizer. Funding Information: Dr. Reynolds reports being supported by the NIH (P30 MH90333) and the UPMC Endowment in Geriatric Psychiatry; having received medication supplies for investigator-initiated trials from Bristol Meyers Squibb, Forrest Labs, Lily, and Pfizer; and receives royalties from industry-sponsored use of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), to which he holds intellectual property rights. Dr. Karp receives funding from NIH and has received medication supplies for investigator-initiated trials from Indivior and Pfizer. This work was supported by the Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program Military Operational Medicine Program (Log #11293006: {PI: Germain). This project was also supported in part by the National Institute of Health through Grant Number UL1-TR-001847. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the U.S. Army of U.S. Department of Defense. This research is supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Academic Affiliations Advanced Fellowship Program in Mental Illness Research and Treatment, the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, and the Department of Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC). This research was supported in partly by the John A. Hartford Center for Excellence in Geriatric Psychiatry and T32 MH 019886. Drs. DiNapoli, Gebara, Germain, Kasckow, Maree, Siripong, and Ms. Weiss have no conflict to disclose. Funding Information: This work was supported by the Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program Military Operational Medicine Program (Log #11293006: {PI: Germain). This project was also supported in part by the National Institute of Health through Grant Number UL1-TR-001847. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the U.S. Army of U.S. Department of Defense. This research is supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Academic Affiliations Advanced Fellowship Program in Mental Illness Research and Treatment, the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, and the Department of Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC). This research was supported in partly by the John A. Hartford Center for Excellence in Geriatric Psychiatry and T32 MH 019886. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.",
year = "2018",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1002/da.22776",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "35",
pages = "717--731",
journal = "Anxiety",
issn = "1091-4269",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "8",
}