TY - JOUR
T1 - Ecosystem-bedrock interaction changes nutrient compartmentalization during early oxidative weathering
AU - Zaharescu, Dragos G.
AU - Burghelea, Carmen I.
AU - Dontsova, Katerina
AU - Presler, Jennifer K.
AU - Hunt, Edward A.
AU - Domanik, Kenneth J.
AU - Amistadi, Mary K.
AU - Sandhaus, Shana
AU - Munoz, Elise N.
AU - Gaddis, Emily E.
AU - Galey, Miranda
AU - Vaquera-Ibarra, María O.
AU - Palacios-Menendez, Maria A.
AU - Castrejón-Martinez, Ricardo
AU - Roldán-Nicolau, Estefanía C.
AU - Li, Kexin
AU - Maier, Raina M.
AU - Reinhard, Christopher T.
AU - Chorover, Jon
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant EAR-1023215 “ETBC: Plant-microbe-mineral interaction as a driver for rock weathering and chemical denudation”. Additional support came from NSF EAR-0724958 and EAR-1331408 grants that support the Catalina - Jemez Critical Zone Observatory (CZO), the Biosphere 2 REU program, NSF EAR-1263251 and NSF EAR-1004353 (http://www.b2science.org/outreach/ reu), United States-Mexico Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange (COMEXUS): the Fulbright-Garcia Robles Scholarship program, Thomas R. Brown Foundation endowment to University of Arizona, We also acknowledge the support from NSF EAR-1411609 “ELT: Collaborative Research: Beyond the boring billion: Late Proterozoic glaciation, oxygenation and the proliferation of complex life” and NASA Astrobiology Institute “CAN7: Alternative Earths. Explaining Persistent Inhabitation on a Dynamic Early Earth”. Use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. We are deeply thankful to John Adams, Julia Perdrial, Nicolas Perdrial, Travis Huxman, Nate Abramson, Viktor Polyakov, Yadi Wang, Elizabeth K. Nadeau, Juliana Gil Loiaza, Jake Kelly, Vanessa Yubeta, Lauren Guthridge, Mathew Clark, James Olmid, Guillermo Molano, Andrew Toriello, Nicolas Sertillanges, Arturo Jacobo, Julie Neilson, Kenneth Kanipe, Rebecca Lybrand, Ariel Lorenzo, Kalee Vasquez, Ashi Bhaat, Tekatrianna Schulte-Evans, and the multiple other collaborators for their valuable logistics, field, lab and theoretical contributions.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, The Author(s).
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - Ecosystem-bedrock interactions power the biogeochemical cycles of Earth’s shallow crust, supporting life, stimulating substrate transformation, and spurring evolutionary innovation. While oxidative processes have dominated half of terrestrial history, the relative contribution of the biosphere and its chemical fingerprints on Earth’s developing regolith are still poorly constrained. Here, we report results from a two-year incipient weathering experiment. We found that the mass release and compartmentalization of major elements during weathering of granite, rhyolite, schist and basalt was rock-specific and regulated by ecosystem components. A tight interplay between physiological needs of different biota, mineral dissolution rates, and substrate nutrient availability resulted in intricate elemental distribution patterns. Biota accelerated CO2 mineralization over abiotic controls as ecosystem complexity increased, and significantly modified the stoichiometry of mobilized elements. Microbial and fungal components inhibited element leaching (23.4% and 7%), while plants increased leaching and biomass retention by 63.4%. All biota left comparable biosignatures in the dissolved weathering products. Nevertheless, the magnitude and allocation of weathered fractions under abiotic and biotic treatments provide quantitative evidence for the role of major biosphere components in the evolution of upper continental crust, presenting critical information for large-scale biogeochemical models and for the search for stable in situ biosignatures beyond Earth.
AB - Ecosystem-bedrock interactions power the biogeochemical cycles of Earth’s shallow crust, supporting life, stimulating substrate transformation, and spurring evolutionary innovation. While oxidative processes have dominated half of terrestrial history, the relative contribution of the biosphere and its chemical fingerprints on Earth’s developing regolith are still poorly constrained. Here, we report results from a two-year incipient weathering experiment. We found that the mass release and compartmentalization of major elements during weathering of granite, rhyolite, schist and basalt was rock-specific and regulated by ecosystem components. A tight interplay between physiological needs of different biota, mineral dissolution rates, and substrate nutrient availability resulted in intricate elemental distribution patterns. Biota accelerated CO2 mineralization over abiotic controls as ecosystem complexity increased, and significantly modified the stoichiometry of mobilized elements. Microbial and fungal components inhibited element leaching (23.4% and 7%), while plants increased leaching and biomass retention by 63.4%. All biota left comparable biosignatures in the dissolved weathering products. Nevertheless, the magnitude and allocation of weathered fractions under abiotic and biotic treatments provide quantitative evidence for the role of major biosphere components in the evolution of upper continental crust, presenting critical information for large-scale biogeochemical models and for the search for stable in situ biosignatures beyond Earth.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41598-019-51274-x
DO - 10.1038/s41598-019-51274-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 31628373
AN - SCOPUS:85073512564
VL - 9
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
SN - 2045-2322
IS - 1
M1 - 15006
ER -