Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: Evidence for subsurface ice deposits

W. V. Boynton; W. C. Feldman; S. W. Squyres; T. H. Prettyman; J. Brückner; L. G. Evans; R. C. Reedy; R. Starr; J. R. Arnold; D. M. Drake; P. A.J. Englert; A. E. Metzger; Igor Mitrofanov; J. I. Trombka; C. D'Uston; H. Wänke; O. Gasnault; D. K. Hamara; D. M. Janes; R. L. Marcialis; S. Maurice; I. Mikheeva; G. J. Taylor; R. Tokar; C. Shinohara

doi:10.1126/science.1073722

Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: Evidence for subsurface ice deposits

W. V. Boynton, W. C. Feldman, S. W. Squyres, T. H. Prettyman, J. Brückner, L. G. Evans, R. C. Reedy, R. Starr, J. R. Arnold, D. M. Drake, P. A.J. Englert, A. E. Metzger, Igor Mitrofanov, J. I. Trombka, C. D'Uston, H. Wänke, O. Gasnault, D. K. Hamara, D. M. Janes, R. L. MarcialisS. Maurice, I. Mikheeva, G. J. Taylor, R. Tokar, C. Shinohara

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Abstract

Using the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer on the Mars Odyssey, we have identified two regions near the poles that are enriched in hydrogen. The data indicate the presence of a subsurface layer enriched in hydrogen overlain by a hydrogen-poor layer. The thickness of the upper layer decreases with decreasing distance to the pole, ranging from a column density of about 150 grams per square centimeter at -42° latitude to about 40 grams per square centimeter at -77°. The hydrogen-rich regions correlate with regions of predicted ice stability. We suggest that the host of the hydrogen in the subsurface layer is ice, which constitutes 35 ± 15% of the layer by weight.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	81-85
Number of pages	5
Journal	Science
Volume	297
Issue number	5578
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1073722
State	Published - Jul 5 2002
Externally published	Yes

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Boynton, W. V., Feldman, W. C., Squyres, S. W., Prettyman, T. H., Brückner, J., Evans, L. G., Reedy, R. C., Starr, R., Arnold, J. R., Drake, D. M., Englert, P. A. J., Metzger, A. E., Mitrofanov, I., Trombka, J. I., D'Uston, C., Wänke, H., Gasnault, O., Hamara, D. K., Janes, D. M., ... Shinohara, C. (2002). Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: Evidence for subsurface ice deposits. Science, 297(5578), 81-85. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1073722

Boynton, WV, Feldman, WC, Squyres, SW, Prettyman, TH, Brückner, J, Evans, LG, Reedy, RC, Starr, R, Arnold, JR, Drake, DM, Englert, PAJ, Metzger, AE, Mitrofanov, I, Trombka, JI, D'Uston, C, Wänke, H, Gasnault, O, Hamara, DK, Janes, DM, Marcialis, RL, Maurice, S, Mikheeva, I, Taylor, GJ, Tokar, R & Shinohara, C 2002, 'Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: Evidence for subsurface ice deposits', Science, vol. 297, no. 5578, pp. 81-85. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1073722

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title = "Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: Evidence for subsurface ice deposits",

abstract = "Using the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer on the Mars Odyssey, we have identified two regions near the poles that are enriched in hydrogen. The data indicate the presence of a subsurface layer enriched in hydrogen overlain by a hydrogen-poor layer. The thickness of the upper layer decreases with decreasing distance to the pole, ranging from a column density of about 150 grams per square centimeter at -42° latitude to about 40 grams per square centimeter at -77°. The hydrogen-rich regions correlate with regions of predicted ice stability. We suggest that the host of the hydrogen in the subsurface layer is ice, which constitutes 35 ± 15% of the layer by weight.",

author = "Boynton, {W. V.} and Feldman, {W. C.} and Squyres, {S. W.} and Prettyman, {T. H.} and J. Br{\"u}ckner and Evans, {L. G.} and Reedy, {R. C.} and R. Starr and Arnold, {J. R.} and Drake, {D. M.} and Englert, {P. A.J.} and Metzger, {A. E.} and Igor Mitrofanov and Trombka, {J. I.} and C. D'Uston and H. W{\"a}nke and O. Gasnault and Hamara, {D. K.} and Janes, {D. M.} and Marcialis, {R. L.} and S. Maurice and I. Mikheeva and Taylor, {G. J.} and R. Tokar and C. Shinohara",

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T1 - Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars

T2 - Evidence for subsurface ice deposits

AU - Boynton, W. V.

AU - Feldman, W. C.

AU - Squyres, S. W.

AU - Prettyman, T. H.

AU - Brückner, J.

AU - Evans, L. G.

AU - Reedy, R. C.

AU - Starr, R.

AU - Arnold, J. R.

AU - Drake, D. M.

AU - Englert, P. A.J.

AU - Metzger, A. E.

AU - Mitrofanov, Igor

AU - Trombka, J. I.

AU - D'Uston, C.

AU - Wänke, H.

AU - Gasnault, O.

AU - Hamara, D. K.

AU - Janes, D. M.

AU - Marcialis, R. L.

AU - Maurice, S.

AU - Mikheeva, I.

AU - Taylor, G. J.

AU - Tokar, R.

AU - Shinohara, C.

PY - 2002/7/5

Y1 - 2002/7/5

N2 - Using the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer on the Mars Odyssey, we have identified two regions near the poles that are enriched in hydrogen. The data indicate the presence of a subsurface layer enriched in hydrogen overlain by a hydrogen-poor layer. The thickness of the upper layer decreases with decreasing distance to the pole, ranging from a column density of about 150 grams per square centimeter at -42° latitude to about 40 grams per square centimeter at -77°. The hydrogen-rich regions correlate with regions of predicted ice stability. We suggest that the host of the hydrogen in the subsurface layer is ice, which constitutes 35 ± 15% of the layer by weight.

AB - Using the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer on the Mars Odyssey, we have identified two regions near the poles that are enriched in hydrogen. The data indicate the presence of a subsurface layer enriched in hydrogen overlain by a hydrogen-poor layer. The thickness of the upper layer decreases with decreasing distance to the pole, ranging from a column density of about 150 grams per square centimeter at -42° latitude to about 40 grams per square centimeter at -77°. The hydrogen-rich regions correlate with regions of predicted ice stability. We suggest that the host of the hydrogen in the subsurface layer is ice, which constitutes 35 ± 15% of the layer by weight.

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SP - 81

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JO - Science

JF - Science

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ER -

Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: Evidence for subsurface ice deposits

Abstract

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