TY - JOUR
T1 - Custom-Designed Electrically Small Huygens Dipole Antennas Achieve Efficient, Directive Emissions into Air When Mounted on a High Permittivity Block
AU - Ziolkowski, Richard W.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Australian Research Council under Grant DP160102219.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - System-on-Chip (SoC) applications include embedded systems and mobile computing platforms. They will play major roles in fifth generation (5G) wireless systems, notably with the many associated IoT (internet-of-things) devices. Their wireless functions are enabled, for example, by on-chip antennas (OCAs), i.e., the system elements that connect them to devices in their external environments. These antennas generally reside on a high permittivity dielectric, such as silicon, which unfortunately causes most of their emitted power to be directed into the dielectric rather than into free space. This feature is quite detrimental, i.e., it leads to a severe degradation of an OCA's radiation efficiency as a transmitter of information to an external receiver and similarly to its poor performance as a receiver since little of its pattern resides in free space, severely limiting its ability to capture power from an external transmitter. Similar issues exist for sensors and communication devices residing on a human body. While many integrated antenna styles have been developed in attempts to deal with these issues, their complexities and remaining inefficiencies remain a bottleneck to their widespread adoption. It is demonstrated analytically and numerically that Huygens radiating systems provide a unique solution to these high permittivity substrate problems. Custom-designed electrically small Huygens dipole antennas that lie on the interface between air and a high permittivity block are reported that efficiently emit the majority of their radiated power into the air region rather than into the dielectric.
AB - System-on-Chip (SoC) applications include embedded systems and mobile computing platforms. They will play major roles in fifth generation (5G) wireless systems, notably with the many associated IoT (internet-of-things) devices. Their wireless functions are enabled, for example, by on-chip antennas (OCAs), i.e., the system elements that connect them to devices in their external environments. These antennas generally reside on a high permittivity dielectric, such as silicon, which unfortunately causes most of their emitted power to be directed into the dielectric rather than into free space. This feature is quite detrimental, i.e., it leads to a severe degradation of an OCA's radiation efficiency as a transmitter of information to an external receiver and similarly to its poor performance as a receiver since little of its pattern resides in free space, severely limiting its ability to capture power from an external transmitter. Similar issues exist for sensors and communication devices residing on a human body. While many integrated antenna styles have been developed in attempts to deal with these issues, their complexities and remaining inefficiencies remain a bottleneck to their widespread adoption. It is demonstrated analytically and numerically that Huygens radiating systems provide a unique solution to these high permittivity substrate problems. Custom-designed electrically small Huygens dipole antennas that lie on the interface between air and a high permittivity block are reported that efficiently emit the majority of their radiated power into the air region rather than into the dielectric.
KW - Directivity
KW - electrically small antennas
KW - Huygens dipole antennas
KW - on-body antennas
KW - on-chip antennas
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U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2952112
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2952112
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85075789812
VL - 7
SP - 163365
EP - 163383
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
SN - 2169-3536
M1 - 8894071
ER -