Crystalline aspects of geography of low dimensional varieties I: numerology

This is a modest attempt to study, in a systematic manner, the structure of low dimensional varieties in positive characteristics using p-adic invariants. The main objects of interest in this paper are surfaces and threefolds. There are many results we prove in this paper and not all can be listed in this abstract. Here are some of the results. We prove inequalities related to the Bogomolov–Miyaoka–Yau inequality: in Corollary 4.7 that c126max(5c2+6b1,6c2) holds for a large class of surfaces of general type. In Theorem 4.17 we prove that for a smooth, projective, Hodge–Witt, minimal surface of general type (with additional assumptions such as slopes of Frobenius on Hcris2(X) are >1/2) that c1265c2. We do not assume any lifting, and novelty of our method lies in our use of slopes of Frobenius and the slope spectral sequence. We also construct new birational invariants of surfaces. Applying our methods to threefolds, we characterize Calabi–Yau threefolds with b₃= 0. We show that for any Calabi–Yau threefold b2>c3/2-1 and that threefolds which lie on the line b₂= c₃/ 2 - 1 are precisely those with b₃= 0 and threefolds with b₂= c₃/ 2 are characterized as Hodge–Witt rigid (included are rigid Calabi–Yau threefolds which have torsion-free crystalline cohomology and whose Hodge–de Rham spectral sequence degenerates).