@article{bc69bb1890c3413a80227bade149fc7d,
title = "Coupling surface flow with high-performance subsurface reactive flow and transport code PFLOTRAN",
abstract = "Water exchange between the surface and subsurface is important for both water resource management and environmental protection. In this paper, we develop coupled surface and subsurface flow simulation capability in a parallel subsurface flow and reactive transport code PFLOTRAN. We sequentially couple the diffusion wave-based surface flow with the subsurface flow governed by the Richards equation in PFLOTRAN. These two flow domains are linked with a boundary condition switching method that ensures the continuity of pressure and flux at the surface-subsurface interface. We verify the coupled code against other existing hydrologic models and observation data using a number of numerical experiments. The coupled hydrological model exhibits good performance in strong parallel scaling tests. The new coupled surface and subsurface simulator significantly advance community simulation capability towards improving integrated hydrologic and biogeochemical understanding of complex systems such as watersheds and river corridors.",
keywords = "Boundary condition switching, Integrated hydrological modeling, Parallel computing, Surface flow",
author = "Runjian Wu and Xingyuan Chen and Glenn Hammond and Gautam Bisht and Xuehang Song and Maoyi Huang and Niu, {Guo Yue} and Ty Ferre",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), as part of BER's Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program (SBR). This contribution originates from the SBR Scientific Focus Area (SFA) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and was supported by the partnership with the IDEAS-Watersheds. This research used high performance computing resources from the University of Arizona Research Data Center (RDC) and the U.S. DOE National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). We thank Dr. Stefan Kollet and Dr. Mauro Sulis for providing us with the DEM data and model simulation results of Borden case. All the PFLOTRAN simulation results used to produce the Figures in this study can be found at https://gitlab.pnnl.gov/sbrsfa/pflotran-ems or requested by contacting the corresponding author. PNNL is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This paper describes objective technical results and analysis. Any subjective views or opinions that might be expressed in the paper do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. Funding Information: This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) , as part of BER's Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program (SBR). This contribution originates from the SBR Scientific Focus Area (SFA) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and was supported by the partnership with the IDEAS-Watersheds. This research used high performance computing resources from the University of Arizona Research Data Center (RDC) and the U.S. DOE National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). We thank Dr. Stefan Kollet and Dr. Mauro Sulis for providing us with the DEM data and model simulation results of Borden case. All the PFLOTRAN simulation results used to produce the Figures in this study can be found at https://gitlab.pnnl.gov/sbrsfa/pflotran-ems or requested by contacting the corresponding author. PNNL is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This paper describes objective technical results and analysis. Any subjective views or opinions that might be expressed in the paper do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",
year = "2021",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.104959",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "137",
journal = "Environmental Modelling and Software",
issn = "1364-8152",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}