TY - JOUR
T1 - Control of the germinal center by follicular regulatory t cells during infection
AU - Miles, Brodie
AU - Connick, Elizabeth
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was funded by NIH/NIAID grant R01 AI096966 to EC.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2007 - 2018 Frontiers Media S.A.
PY - 2018/11/20
Y1 - 2018/11/20
N2 - Follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr) are a unique subset of CD4 T cells that control and impact adaptive immune responses in the lymphoid follicles and germinal centers (GC). Since their relatively recent discovery, several studies have revealed that Tfr interact with other cells within this niche and shape ensuing responses. Recent advances defining the functional and developmental characteristics of Tfr have revealed key characteristics of Tfr differentiation, GC recruitment and retention, and regulatory properties. Further, Tfr shape the GC response and balance tolerance through interactions with Tfh, by modifying Tfh number, diversity and function, as well as with B cells. Mechanisms by which Tfr regulate the GC include cell-to-cell interactions with Tfh and B cells, as well as altering their environment through cytokine production and sequestration. Tfr have been shown to have a diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and can be specific for immunizing agents, demonstrating a potential role in vaccine development. Due to these important characteristics and functions, Tfr play a major role in immune tolerance, response to infection, and vaccine efficacy.
AB - Follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr) are a unique subset of CD4 T cells that control and impact adaptive immune responses in the lymphoid follicles and germinal centers (GC). Since their relatively recent discovery, several studies have revealed that Tfr interact with other cells within this niche and shape ensuing responses. Recent advances defining the functional and developmental characteristics of Tfr have revealed key characteristics of Tfr differentiation, GC recruitment and retention, and regulatory properties. Further, Tfr shape the GC response and balance tolerance through interactions with Tfh, by modifying Tfh number, diversity and function, as well as with B cells. Mechanisms by which Tfr regulate the GC include cell-to-cell interactions with Tfh and B cells, as well as altering their environment through cytokine production and sequestration. Tfr have been shown to have a diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and can be specific for immunizing agents, demonstrating a potential role in vaccine development. Due to these important characteristics and functions, Tfr play a major role in immune tolerance, response to infection, and vaccine efficacy.
KW - follicular regulatory T cells
KW - germinal center
KW - immune regulation
KW - infection
KW - vaccination
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U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02704
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02704
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30524440
AN - SCOPUS:85057378469
SN - 1664-3224
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in immunology
JF - Frontiers in immunology
IS - NOV
M1 - 2704
ER -