Control of the germinal center by follicular regulatory t cells during infection

Brodie Miles, Elizabeth Connick

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

37 Scopus citations

Abstract

Follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr) are a unique subset of CD4 T cells that control and impact adaptive immune responses in the lymphoid follicles and germinal centers (GC). Since their relatively recent discovery, several studies have revealed that Tfr interact with other cells within this niche and shape ensuing responses. Recent advances defining the functional and developmental characteristics of Tfr have revealed key characteristics of Tfr differentiation, GC recruitment and retention, and regulatory properties. Further, Tfr shape the GC response and balance tolerance through interactions with Tfh, by modifying Tfh number, diversity and function, as well as with B cells. Mechanisms by which Tfr regulate the GC include cell-to-cell interactions with Tfh and B cells, as well as altering their environment through cytokine production and sequestration. Tfr have been shown to have a diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and can be specific for immunizing agents, demonstrating a potential role in vaccine development. Due to these important characteristics and functions, Tfr play a major role in immune tolerance, response to infection, and vaccine efficacy.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number2704
JournalFrontiers in immunology
Volume9
Issue numberNOV
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 20 2018

Keywords

  • follicular regulatory T cells
  • germinal center
  • immune regulation
  • infection
  • vaccination

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology

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