@article{0ff1d37227e64ecba1b211aeb3f816bc,
title = "Contributions of the Women's Health Initiative to Cardiovascular Research: JACC State-of-the-Art Review",
abstract = "The WHI (Women's Health Initiative) enrolled 161,808 racially and ethnically diverse postmenopausal women, ages 50-79 years, from 1993 to 1998 at 40 clinical centers across the United States. In its clinical trial component, WHI evaluated 3 randomized interventions (menopausal hormone therapy; diet modification; and calcium/vitamin D supplementation) for the primary prevention of major chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, in older women. In the WHI observational study, numerous clinical, behavioral, and social factors have been evaluated as predictors of incident chronic disease and mortality. Although the original interventions have been completed, the WHI data and biomarker resources continue to be leveraged and expanded through ancillary studies to yield novel insights regarding cardiovascular disease prevention and healthy aging in women.",
keywords = "cardiovascular disease, epidemiology, menopause, prevention, randomized trial, women's health",
author = "{WHI Investigators} and LaMonte, {Michael J.} and Manson, {Jo Ann E.} and Anderson, {Garnet L.} and Baker, {Laura D.} and Bea, {Jennifer W.} and Eaton, {Charles B.} and Shawna Follis and Hayden, {Kathleen M.} and Charles Kooperberg and LaCroix, {Andrea Z.} and Limacher, {Marian C.} and Neuhouser, {Marian L.} and Andrew Odegaard and Perez, {Marco V.} and Prentice, {Ross L.} and Reiner, {Alexander P.} and Stefanick, {Marcia L.} and {Van Horn}, Linda and Wells, {Gretchen L.} and Whitsel, {Eric A.} and Rossouw, {Jacques E.}",
note = "Funding Information: The WHI program is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through contracts 75N92021D00001, 75N92021D00002, 75N92021D00003, 75N92021D0004, and 75N92021D00005; with additional funding by HL151885 (WHISH Trial), HL130591 (WHISH-2-Prevent Heart Failure), HL136398 (WHISH-STAR), HL150170 (Cross-Cohort Consortium Heart Failure), HL148565 (CHIP), HL133684 (WHISPER), HL105065 and HL153462 (OPACH), and AG050657 (COSMOS-Mind). The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Institutes of Health; or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 American College of Cardiology Foundation",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
day = "19",
doi = "10.1016/j.jacc.2022.05.016",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "80",
pages = "256--275",
journal = "Journal of the American College of Cardiology",
issn = "0735-1097",
publisher = "Elsevier USA",
number = "3",
}