TY - JOUR
T1 - Constraining the assembly of normal and compact passively evolving galaxies from redshift z = 3 to the present with candels
AU - Cassata, P.
AU - Giavalisco, M.
AU - Williams, C. C.
AU - Guo, Yicheng
AU - Lee, Bomee
AU - Renzini, A.
AU - Ferguson, H.
AU - Faber, S. F.
AU - Barro, G.
AU - McIntosh, D. H.
AU - Lu, Yu
AU - Bell, E. F.
AU - Koo, D. C.
AU - Papovich, C. J.
AU - Ryan, R. E.
AU - Conselice, C. J.
AU - Grogin, N.
AU - Koekemoer, A.
AU - Hathi, N. P.
PY - 2013/10/1
Y1 - 2013/10/1
N2 - We study the evolution of the number density, as a function of the size, of passive early-type galaxies (ETGs) with a wide range of stellar masses (10 10 M⊙< M * ≲ 10 11.5 M ⊙) from z ∼ 3 to z ∼ 1, exploiting the unique data set available in the GOODS-South field, including the recently obtained WFC3 images as part of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey. In particular, we select a sample of ∼107 massive (M * > 1010 M⊙), passive (SSFR < 10-2 Gyr-1), and morphologically spheroidal galaxies at 1.2 < z < 3, taking advantage of the panchromatic data set available for GOODS, including VLT, CFHT, Spitzer, Chandra, and HST ACS+WFC3 data. We find that at 1 < z < 3 the passively evolving ETGs are the reddest and most massive objects in the universe, and we prove that a correlation between mass, morphology, color, and star formation activity is already in place at that epoch. We measure a significant evolution in the mass-size relation of passive ETGs from z ∼ 3 to z ∼ 1, with galaxies growing on average by a factor of two in size in a 3 Gyr timescale only. We also witness an increase in the number density of passive ETGs of 50 times over the same time interval. We find that the first ETGs to form at z ≳ 2 are all compact or ultra-compact, while normal-sized ETGs (meaning ETGs with sizes comparable to those of local counterparts of the same mass) are the most common ETGs only at z < 1. The increase of the average size of ETGs at 0 < z < 1 is primarily driven by the appearance of new large ETGs rather than by the size increase of individual galaxies.
AB - We study the evolution of the number density, as a function of the size, of passive early-type galaxies (ETGs) with a wide range of stellar masses (10 10 M⊙< M * ≲ 10 11.5 M ⊙) from z ∼ 3 to z ∼ 1, exploiting the unique data set available in the GOODS-South field, including the recently obtained WFC3 images as part of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey. In particular, we select a sample of ∼107 massive (M * > 1010 M⊙), passive (SSFR < 10-2 Gyr-1), and morphologically spheroidal galaxies at 1.2 < z < 3, taking advantage of the panchromatic data set available for GOODS, including VLT, CFHT, Spitzer, Chandra, and HST ACS+WFC3 data. We find that at 1 < z < 3 the passively evolving ETGs are the reddest and most massive objects in the universe, and we prove that a correlation between mass, morphology, color, and star formation activity is already in place at that epoch. We measure a significant evolution in the mass-size relation of passive ETGs from z ∼ 3 to z ∼ 1, with galaxies growing on average by a factor of two in size in a 3 Gyr timescale only. We also witness an increase in the number density of passive ETGs of 50 times over the same time interval. We find that the first ETGs to form at z ≳ 2 are all compact or ultra-compact, while normal-sized ETGs (meaning ETGs with sizes comparable to those of local counterparts of the same mass) are the most common ETGs only at z < 1. The increase of the average size of ETGs at 0 < z < 1 is primarily driven by the appearance of new large ETGs rather than by the size increase of individual galaxies.
KW - cosmology: observations
KW - galaxies: evolution
KW - galaxies: fundamental parameters
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84884577780&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84884577780&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/775/2/106
DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/775/2/106
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84884577780
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 775
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 106
ER -