Compressibility and crystal structure of sillimanite, Al2SiO5, at high pressure

H. Yang, R. M. Hazen, L. W. Finger, C. T. Prewitt, R. T. Downs

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

72 Scopus citations

Abstract

The unit-cell dimensions and crystal structure of sillimanite at various pressures up to 5.29 GPa have been refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. As pressure increases, a and b decrease linearly, whereas c decreases nonlinearly with a slightly positive curvature. The axial compression ratios at room pressure are βabc=1-22:1.63:1.00. Sillimanite exhibits the least compressibility along c. but the least thermal expansivity along a (Skinner et al. 1961; Winter and Ghose 1979). The bulk modulus of sillimanite is 171(1) GPa with K'-4 (3), larger than that of andalusite (151 GPa), but smaller than that of kyanite (193 GPa). The bulk moduli of the [Al1O6], [Al2O4], and [SiO4] polyhedra are 162(8), 269(33), and 367(89) GPa, respectively. Comparison of high-pressure data for Al2SiO5 polymorphs reveals that the [SiO4] tetrahedra are the most rigid units in all these polymorphic structures, whereas the [AlO6] octahedra are most compressible. Furthermore, [AlO6] octahedral compressibilities decrease from kyanitc to sillimanite, to andalusite, the same order as their bulk moduli, suggesting that [AlO6] octahedra control the compression of the Al2SiO5 polymorphs. The compression of the [Al1O6] octahedron in sillimanite is anisotropic with the longest Al1-OD bond shortening by ∼1.9% between room pressure and 5.29 GPa and the shortest Al1-OB bond by only 0.3%. The compression anisotropy of sillimanite is primarily a consequence of its topological anisotropy, coupled with the compression anisotropy of the Al-O bonds within the [Al1O6] octahedron.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)39-47
Number of pages9
JournalPhysics and Chemistry of Minerals
Volume25
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1997

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Materials Science
  • Geochemistry and Petrology

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