Chronic Biosymbiotic Electrophysiology

Continuous monitoring of electrophysiological biosignals such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and bioimpedance (BioZ) rely on gel-based electrodes and adhesive skin interfaces requiring active patient interaction inherently restricting chronic use. Current solutions aimed at addressing seamless, comfortable, and reliable recordings with dry electrodes use battery power and are limited to days of operation with clinical-grade fidelity. Here, current limitations are overcome by uniting at-distance wirelessly powered wearable electronics with carbon-doped filament deposition modeling (FDM) printed dry electrodes that overcome impedance degradation by seamless integration into textile and biosymbiotic systems, allowing for high-fidelity operation over indefinite timescales. These capabilities are demonstrated with ECG during work, activity, and sleep and BioZ recordings documenting gains in forearm training over weeks.