TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical immobilization of metals and metalloids by phosphates
AU - Hafsteinsdóttir, Erla G.
AU - Camenzuli, Danielle
AU - Rocavert, Amy L.
AU - Walworth, James
AU - Gore, Damian B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/8/1
Y1 - 2015/8/1
N2 - Remediation of metal contaminated media using orthophosphate fixation forms insoluble and non-bioavailable salts from metal and phosphate sources. The main focus has been on fixation of Pb, where the formation of pyromorphite, the most insoluble lead phosphate, has shown the great potential of this remediation technique. Other metals (Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Eu, Ni, U, Zn) also have potential for effective fixation by orthophosphate. We review the applicability of the treatment across wider environmental conditions, particularly in surface soil, its use with elements other than Pb, product stability and efficiency with mixed contaminants.
AB - Remediation of metal contaminated media using orthophosphate fixation forms insoluble and non-bioavailable salts from metal and phosphate sources. The main focus has been on fixation of Pb, where the formation of pyromorphite, the most insoluble lead phosphate, has shown the great potential of this remediation technique. Other metals (Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Eu, Ni, U, Zn) also have potential for effective fixation by orthophosphate. We review the applicability of the treatment across wider environmental conditions, particularly in surface soil, its use with elements other than Pb, product stability and efficiency with mixed contaminants.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.03.014
DO - 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.03.014
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84927943829
SN - 0883-2927
VL - 59
SP - 47
EP - 62
JO - Applied Geochemistry
JF - Applied Geochemistry
ER -