Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Isolated Protostellar Source CB68: FAUST IV

Muneaki Imai; Yoko Oya; Brian Svoboda; Hauyu Baobab Liu; Bertrand Lefloch; Serena Viti; Yichen Zhang; Cecilia Ceccarelli; Claudio Codella; Claire J. Chandler; Nami Sakai; Yuri Aikawa; Felipe O. Alves; Nadia Balucani; Eleonora Bianchi; Mathilde Bouvier; Gemma Busquet; Paola Caselli; Emmanuel Caux; Steven Charnley; Spandan Choudhury; Nicolas Cuello; Marta De Simone; Francois Dulieu; Aurora Durán; Lucy Evans; Cécile Favre; Davide Fedele; Siyi Feng; Francesco Fontani; Logan Francis; Tetsuya Hama; Tomoyuki Hanawa; Eric Herbst; Shingo Hirano; Tomoya Hirota; Andrea Isella; Izaskun Jímenez-Serra; Doug Johnstone; Claudine Kahane; Romane Le Gal; Laurent Loinard; Ana López-Sepulcre; Luke T. Maud; María José Maureira; Francois Menard; Seyma Mercimek; Anna Miotello; George Moellenbrock; Shoji Mori; Nadia M. Murillo; Riouhei Nakatani; Hideko Nomura; Yasuhiro Oba; Ross O’Donoghue; Satoshi Ohashi; Yuki Okoda; Juan Ospina-Zamudio; Jaime Pineda; Linda Podio; Albert Rimola; Takeshi Sakai; Dominique Segura-Cox; Yancy Shirley; Vianney Taquet; Leonardo Testi; Charlotte Vastel; Naoki Watanabe; Yoshimasa Watanabe; Arezu Witzel; Ci Xue; Bo Zhao; Satoshi Yamamoto

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7

Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Isolated Protostellar Source CB68: FAUST IV

Muneaki Imai, Yoko Oya, Brian Svoboda, Hauyu Baobab Liu, Bertrand Lefloch, Serena Viti, Yichen Zhang, Cecilia Ceccarelli, Claudio Codella, Claire J. Chandler, Nami Sakai, Yuri Aikawa, Felipe O. Alves, Nadia Balucani, Eleonora Bianchi, Mathilde Bouvier, Gemma Busquet, Paola Caselli, Emmanuel Caux, Steven CharnleySpandan Choudhury, Nicolas Cuello, Marta De Simone, Francois Dulieu, Aurora Durán, Lucy Evans, Cécile Favre, Davide Fedele, Siyi Feng, Francesco Fontani, Logan Francis, Tetsuya Hama, Tomoyuki Hanawa, Eric Herbst, Shingo Hirano, Tomoya Hirota, Andrea Isella, Izaskun Jímenez-Serra, Doug Johnstone, Claudine Kahane, Romane Le Gal, Laurent Loinard, Ana López-Sepulcre, Luke T. Maud, María José Maureira, Francois Menard, Seyma Mercimek, Anna Miotello, George Moellenbrock, Shoji Mori, Nadia M. Murillo, Riouhei Nakatani, Hideko Nomura, Yasuhiro Oba, Ross O’Donoghue, Satoshi Ohashi, Yuki Okoda, Juan Ospina-Zamudio, Jaime Pineda, Linda Podio, Albert Rimola, Takeshi Sakai, Dominique Segura-Cox, Yancy Shirley, Vianney Taquet, Leonardo Testi, Charlotte Vastel, Naoki Watanabe, Yoshimasa Watanabe, Arezu Witzel, Ci Xue, Bo Zhao, Satoshi Yamamoto

Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

The chemical diversity of low-mass protostellar sources has so far been recognized, and environmental effects are invoked as its origin. In this context, observations of isolated protostellar sources without the influence of nearby objects are of particular importance. Here, we report the chemical and physical structures of the low-mass Class 0 protostellar source IRAS 16544−1604 in the Bok globule CB 68, based on 1.3 mm Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations at a spatial resolution of ∼70 au that were conducted as part of the large program FAUST. Three interstellar saturated complex organic molecules (iCOMs), CH₃OH, HCOOCH₃, and CH₃OCH₃, are detected toward the protostar. The rotation temperature and the emitting region size for CH₃OH are derived to be 131 ± 11 K and ∼10 au, respectively. The detection of iCOMs in close proximity to the protostar indicates that CB 68 harbors a hot corino. The kinematic structure of the C¹⁸O, CH₃OH, and OCS lines is explained by an infalling-rotating envelope model, and the protostellar mass and the radius of the centrifugal barrier are estimated to be 0.08-0.30 M _⊙ and <30 au, respectively. The small radius of the centrifugal barrier seems to be related to the small emitting region of iCOMs. In addition, we detect emission lines of c-C₃H₂ and CCH associated with the protostar, revealing a warm carbon-chain chemistry on a 1000 au scale. We therefore find that the chemical structure of CB 68 is described by a hybrid chemistry. The molecular abundances are discussed in comparison with those in other hot corino sources and reported chemical models.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	70
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	934
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7
State	Published - Jul 1 2022

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7

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Imai, M., Oya, Y., Svoboda, B., Liu, H. B., Lefloch, B., Viti, S., Zhang, Y., Ceccarelli, C., Codella, C., Chandler, C. J., Sakai, N., Aikawa, Y., Alves, F. O., Balucani, N., Bianchi, E., Bouvier, M., Busquet, G., Caselli, P., Caux, E., ... Yamamoto, S. (2022). Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Isolated Protostellar Source CB68: FAUST IV. Astrophysical Journal, 934(1), Article 70. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7

Imai, M, Oya, Y, Svoboda, B, Liu, HB, Lefloch, B, Viti, S, Zhang, Y, Ceccarelli, C, Codella, C, Chandler, CJ, Sakai, N, Aikawa, Y, Alves, FO, Balucani, N, Bianchi, E, Bouvier, M, Busquet, G, Caselli, P, Caux, E, Charnley, S, Choudhury, S, Cuello, N, Simone, MD, Dulieu, F, Durán, A, Evans, L, Favre, C, Fedele, D, Feng, S, Fontani, F, Francis, L, Hama, T, Hanawa, T, Herbst, E, Hirano, S, Hirota, T, Isella, A, Jímenez-Serra, I, Johnstone, D, Kahane, C, Le Gal, R, Loinard, L, López-Sepulcre, A, Maud, LT, Maureira, MJ, Menard, F, Mercimek, S, Miotello, A, Moellenbrock, G, Mori, S, Murillo, NM, Nakatani, R, Nomura, H, Oba, Y, O’Donoghue, R, Ohashi, S, Okoda, Y, Ospina-Zamudio, J, Pineda, J, Podio, L, Rimola, A, Sakai, T, Segura-Cox, D, Shirley, Y, Taquet, V, Testi, L, Vastel, C, Watanabe, N, Watanabe, Y, Witzel, A, Xue, C, Zhao, B & Yamamoto, S 2022, 'Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Isolated Protostellar Source CB68: FAUST IV', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 934, no. 1, 70. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7

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title = "Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Isolated Protostellar Source CB68: FAUST IV",

abstract = "The chemical diversity of low-mass protostellar sources has so far been recognized, and environmental effects are invoked as its origin. In this context, observations of isolated protostellar sources without the influence of nearby objects are of particular importance. Here, we report the chemical and physical structures of the low-mass Class 0 protostellar source IRAS 16544−1604 in the Bok globule CB 68, based on 1.3 mm Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations at a spatial resolution of ∼70 au that were conducted as part of the large program FAUST. Three interstellar saturated complex organic molecules (iCOMs), CH3OH, HCOOCH3, and CH3OCH3, are detected toward the protostar. The rotation temperature and the emitting region size for CH3OH are derived to be 131 ± 11 K and ∼10 au, respectively. The detection of iCOMs in close proximity to the protostar indicates that CB 68 harbors a hot corino. The kinematic structure of the C18O, CH3OH, and OCS lines is explained by an infalling-rotating envelope model, and the protostellar mass and the radius of the centrifugal barrier are estimated to be 0.08-0.30 M ⊙ and <30 au, respectively. The small radius of the centrifugal barrier seems to be related to the small emitting region of iCOMs. In addition, we detect emission lines of c-C3H2 and CCH associated with the protostar, revealing a warm carbon-chain chemistry on a 1000 au scale. We therefore find that the chemical structure of CB 68 is described by a hybrid chemistry. The molecular abundances are discussed in comparison with those in other hot corino sources and reported chemical models.",

author = "Muneaki Imai and Yoko Oya and Brian Svoboda and Liu, {Hauyu Baobab} and Bertrand Lefloch and Serena Viti and Yichen Zhang and Cecilia Ceccarelli and Claudio Codella and Chandler, {Claire J.} and Nami Sakai and Yuri Aikawa and Alves, {Felipe O.} and Nadia Balucani and Eleonora Bianchi and Mathilde Bouvier and Gemma Busquet and Paola Caselli and Emmanuel Caux and Steven Charnley and Spandan Choudhury and Nicolas Cuello and Simone, {Marta De} and Francois Dulieu and Aurora Dur{\'a}n and Lucy Evans and C{\'e}cile Favre and Davide Fedele and Siyi Feng and Francesco Fontani and Logan Francis and Tetsuya Hama and Tomoyuki Hanawa and Eric Herbst and Shingo Hirano and Tomoya Hirota and Andrea Isella and Izaskun J{\'i}menez-Serra and Doug Johnstone and Claudine Kahane and {Le Gal}, Romane and Laurent Loinard and Ana L{\'o}pez-Sepulcre and Maud, {Luke T.} and Maureira, {Mar{\'i}a Jos{\'e}} and Francois Menard and Seyma Mercimek and Anna Miotello and George Moellenbrock and Shoji Mori and Murillo, {Nadia M.} and Riouhei Nakatani and Hideko Nomura and Yasuhiro Oba and Ross O{\textquoteright}Donoghue and Satoshi Ohashi and Yuki Okoda and Juan Ospina-Zamudio and Jaime Pineda and Linda Podio and Albert Rimola and Takeshi Sakai and Dominique Segura-Cox and Yancy Shirley and Vianney Taquet and Leonardo Testi and Charlotte Vastel and Naoki Watanabe and Yoshimasa Watanabe and Arezu Witzel and Ci Xue and Bo Zhao and Satoshi Yamamoto",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "934",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Isolated Protostellar Source CB68

T2 - FAUST IV

AU - Imai, Muneaki

AU - Oya, Yoko

AU - Svoboda, Brian

AU - Liu, Hauyu Baobab

AU - Lefloch, Bertrand

AU - Viti, Serena

AU - Zhang, Yichen

AU - Ceccarelli, Cecilia

AU - Codella, Claudio

AU - Chandler, Claire J.

AU - Sakai, Nami

AU - Aikawa, Yuri

AU - Alves, Felipe O.

AU - Balucani, Nadia

AU - Bianchi, Eleonora

AU - Bouvier, Mathilde

AU - Busquet, Gemma

AU - Caselli, Paola

AU - Caux, Emmanuel

AU - Charnley, Steven

AU - Choudhury, Spandan

AU - Cuello, Nicolas

AU - Simone, Marta De

AU - Dulieu, Francois

AU - Durán, Aurora

AU - Evans, Lucy

AU - Favre, Cécile

AU - Fedele, Davide

AU - Feng, Siyi

AU - Fontani, Francesco

AU - Francis, Logan

AU - Hama, Tetsuya

AU - Hanawa, Tomoyuki

AU - Herbst, Eric

AU - Hirano, Shingo

AU - Hirota, Tomoya

AU - Isella, Andrea

AU - Jímenez-Serra, Izaskun

AU - Johnstone, Doug

AU - Kahane, Claudine

AU - Le Gal, Romane

AU - Loinard, Laurent

AU - López-Sepulcre, Ana

AU - Maud, Luke T.

AU - Maureira, María José

AU - Menard, Francois

AU - Mercimek, Seyma

AU - Miotello, Anna

AU - Moellenbrock, George

AU - Mori, Shoji

AU - Murillo, Nadia M.

AU - Nakatani, Riouhei

AU - Nomura, Hideko

AU - Oba, Yasuhiro

AU - O’Donoghue, Ross

AU - Ohashi, Satoshi

AU - Okoda, Yuki

AU - Ospina-Zamudio, Juan

AU - Pineda, Jaime

AU - Podio, Linda

AU - Rimola, Albert

AU - Sakai, Takeshi

AU - Segura-Cox, Dominique

AU - Shirley, Yancy

AU - Taquet, Vianney

AU - Testi, Leonardo

AU - Vastel, Charlotte

AU - Watanabe, Naoki

AU - Watanabe, Yoshimasa

AU - Witzel, Arezu

AU - Xue, Ci

AU - Zhao, Bo

AU - Yamamoto, Satoshi

PY - 2022/7/1

Y1 - 2022/7/1

N2 - The chemical diversity of low-mass protostellar sources has so far been recognized, and environmental effects are invoked as its origin. In this context, observations of isolated protostellar sources without the influence of nearby objects are of particular importance. Here, we report the chemical and physical structures of the low-mass Class 0 protostellar source IRAS 16544−1604 in the Bok globule CB 68, based on 1.3 mm Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations at a spatial resolution of ∼70 au that were conducted as part of the large program FAUST. Three interstellar saturated complex organic molecules (iCOMs), CH3OH, HCOOCH3, and CH3OCH3, are detected toward the protostar. The rotation temperature and the emitting region size for CH3OH are derived to be 131 ± 11 K and ∼10 au, respectively. The detection of iCOMs in close proximity to the protostar indicates that CB 68 harbors a hot corino. The kinematic structure of the C18O, CH3OH, and OCS lines is explained by an infalling-rotating envelope model, and the protostellar mass and the radius of the centrifugal barrier are estimated to be 0.08-0.30 M ⊙ and <30 au, respectively. The small radius of the centrifugal barrier seems to be related to the small emitting region of iCOMs. In addition, we detect emission lines of c-C3H2 and CCH associated with the protostar, revealing a warm carbon-chain chemistry on a 1000 au scale. We therefore find that the chemical structure of CB 68 is described by a hybrid chemistry. The molecular abundances are discussed in comparison with those in other hot corino sources and reported chemical models.

AB - The chemical diversity of low-mass protostellar sources has so far been recognized, and environmental effects are invoked as its origin. In this context, observations of isolated protostellar sources without the influence of nearby objects are of particular importance. Here, we report the chemical and physical structures of the low-mass Class 0 protostellar source IRAS 16544−1604 in the Bok globule CB 68, based on 1.3 mm Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations at a spatial resolution of ∼70 au that were conducted as part of the large program FAUST. Three interstellar saturated complex organic molecules (iCOMs), CH3OH, HCOOCH3, and CH3OCH3, are detected toward the protostar. The rotation temperature and the emitting region size for CH3OH are derived to be 131 ± 11 K and ∼10 au, respectively. The detection of iCOMs in close proximity to the protostar indicates that CB 68 harbors a hot corino. The kinematic structure of the C18O, CH3OH, and OCS lines is explained by an infalling-rotating envelope model, and the protostellar mass and the radius of the centrifugal barrier are estimated to be 0.08-0.30 M ⊙ and <30 au, respectively. The small radius of the centrifugal barrier seems to be related to the small emitting region of iCOMs. In addition, we detect emission lines of c-C3H2 and CCH associated with the protostar, revealing a warm carbon-chain chemistry on a 1000 au scale. We therefore find that the chemical structure of CB 68 is described by a hybrid chemistry. The molecular abundances are discussed in comparison with those in other hot corino sources and reported chemical models.

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U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac77e7

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85135192725

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 934

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 70

ER -

Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Isolated Protostellar Source CB68: FAUST IV

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