Cardiogenic shock: Elements of etiology, diagnosis, and therapy

Cardiogenic shock usually is the result of marked depression in myocardial function. Rapid recognition and stabilization are essential if the patient is to survive. A variety of cardiovascular conditions can lead to cardiogenic shock; the most common of these is acute myocardial infarction. Once stabilization of the cardiogenic shock patient has been effected, hemodynamic monitoring and definitive therapy should be attempted if appropriate. Intra‐aortic balloon counterpulsation is effective in stabilizing these patients temporarily. Definitive therapy may include surgical or catheterization interventions. Mortality, even under the best of circumstances, remains high.