Carbon isotope ratios in circumstellar envelopes: Constraints for nucleosynthesis and galactic chemical evolution

Physics & Astronomy

• carbon isotopes 100%
• isotope ratios 89%
• chemical evolution 78%
• galactic evolution 73%
• nuclear fusion 67%
• envelopes 55%
• asymptotic giant branch stars 51%
• carbon 12 36%
• S stars 34%
• supergiant stars 31%
• carbon 13 29%
• carbon stars 29%
• M stars 28%
• hyperfine structure 23%
• opacity 23%
• molecular clouds 23%
• massive stars 22%
• supernovae 19%
• observatories 19%
• antennas 18%
• telescopes 16%
• cycles 14%
• gradients 13%
• hydrogen 13%