Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established an association between arsenic exposure and the development of bladder cancer. Studies in arsenic-endemic areas such Taiwan, Chile, and Argentina have led the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to list arsenic as an environmental contaminant and human carcinogen. Genetic polymorphisms in arsenic biotransformation enzymes provide individuals with varying degrees of susceptibility to arsenic exposure or development of cancer. To determine the biological effects of and mechanisms involved with arsenic exposure in humans, in vivo and in vitro models have been developed. With in vitro models such as the human urothelial cells (HUC) line, UROtsa, researchers have found that arsenical toxicity can vary with oxidation state and methylation, arsenic impacts the intracellular signaling of bladder cells by promoting proliferation and growth, arsenic can change the redox state of the cells, and arsenical interactions lead to alterations in normal gene expression patterns with concomitant epigenetic changes.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Arsenic |
| Subtitle of host publication | Exposure Sources, Health Risks, and Mechanisms of Toxicity |
| Publisher | Wiley |
| Pages | 163-191 |
| Number of pages | 29 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781118876992 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781118511145 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 30 2015 |
Keywords
- Animal models
- Arsenic biotransformation process
- Arsenic exposure
- Bladder cancer
- Gene expression patterns
- In vitro models
- Intracellular signaling
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Chemistry
- General Engineering
- General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
- General Medicine