Abstract
Dietary biomarkers are biological specimens that may serve as functional, biochemical, or clinical indicators of nutrient intake or metabolism. The majority of research studies utilize self-report methodologies for the measurement of diet. These include food diaries, repeat 24-h recalls, and food frequency questionnaires. While collecting dietary data by self-report can be cost-effective, it is subject to misreporting. Dietary biomarkers serve as objective measures of nutrient intake and metabolism and markedly increase the validity of diet-disease-related associations, while reducing participant bias due to misreporting. Dietary biomarkers can be classified into one of four groups: recovery, predictive, concentration, and replacement biomarkers. A variety of specimens can be collected for the measurement of dietary biomarkers, including but not limited to sweat, blood, urine, and exhaled gases.This chapter describes various methods for collecting self-reported diet information as well as the different classifications of dietary biomarkers, their relationship to health risk, as well as important considerations when collecting and analyzing biosamples.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Biological Measures of Human Experience across the Lifespan |
| Subtitle of host publication | Making Visible the Invisible |
| Publisher | Springer International Publishing |
| Pages | 171-193 |
| Number of pages | 23 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9783319441030 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9783319441016 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2016 |
Keywords
- 24-h recall
- Carotenoids
- Doubly labeled water
- Energy intake
- Food diary
- Food frequency questionnaire
- Metabolomics
- Nutrition
- Urinary nitrogen
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Social Sciences