TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations Among Sex, Cognitive Ability, and Autism Symptoms in Individuals with Down Syndrome
AU - del Hoyo Soriano, Laura
AU - Sterling, Audra
AU - Edgin, Jamie
AU - Hamilton, Debra R.
AU - Berry-Kravis, Elizabeth
AU - Dimachkie Nunnally, Amanda
AU - Thurman, Angela John
AU - Abbeduto, Leonard
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the following grant from the National Institutes of Health, R01HD074346, P50HD103526, and UL1TR001860. The authors thank the many staff across all the participating data collection sites who worked on the project. We are indebted to the families for their time, support, and partnership.
Funding Information:
EBK has received funding from Seaside Therapeutics, Novartis, Roche, Alcobra, Neuren, Cydan, Fulcrum, GW, Healx, Neurotrope, Marinus, Zynerba, BioMarin, Lumos, Ovid, AMO, Yamo, Ionis, GeneTx, Acadia, Neurogene, Orphazyme, Ultragenyx, Taysha, Tetra, and Vtesse/ Sucampo/Mallinkcrodt Pharmaceuticals to consult on trial design or development strategies and/or conduct clinical trials in FXS or other genetic neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders, and from Asuragen Inc. to develop testing standards for FMR1 testing. AJT has received funding from Fulcrum Therapeutics to develop outcome measures for FXS. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - This study explores sex-differences in (a) rates and profiles of autism symptoms as well as in (b) the contribution of intellectual quotient (IQ) to autism symptom presentation in Down syndrome (DS). Participants were 40 males and 38 females with DS, aged 6 to 23 years. Autism symptoms were rated through the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2). Results show no sex differences in the ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS). However, only females with DS who are classified as DS-Only have higher scores on verbal IQ than those classified as DS + autism. Furthermore, associations between IQ and all CSSs are found for females, but not for males. Findings suggest that verbal cognition may play differential roles for females and males with DS.
AB - This study explores sex-differences in (a) rates and profiles of autism symptoms as well as in (b) the contribution of intellectual quotient (IQ) to autism symptom presentation in Down syndrome (DS). Participants were 40 males and 38 females with DS, aged 6 to 23 years. Autism symptoms were rated through the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2). Results show no sex differences in the ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS). However, only females with DS who are classified as DS-Only have higher scores on verbal IQ than those classified as DS + autism. Furthermore, associations between IQ and all CSSs are found for females, but not for males. Findings suggest that verbal cognition may play differential roles for females and males with DS.
KW - Autism
KW - Cognitive ability
KW - Down syndrome
KW - Females
KW - Sex-differences
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U2 - 10.1007/s10803-022-05779-6
DO - 10.1007/s10803-022-05779-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 36315322
AN - SCOPUS:85140995129
SN - 0162-3257
JO - Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
JF - Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
ER -