Analytical model of pneumatic tyres for vehicle dynamic simulations. Part 3. Validation against experimental data

This is the third paper in a three-part study presenting an analytical approach for determining tyre dynamic properties. In this study analytical formulations are derived for the tyre dynamic properties as functions of the slip ratio, slip angle, camber angle and other tyre dynamic parameters. These formulae can be used for the general vehicle simulations in braking/traction and steering manoeuvres with a varying camber angle on regular or irregular terrains. In this part the formulations that were derived in Parts 1 and 2 are validated against experimental results. First the tyre dynamic properties due to pure slips are validated. Then the tyre dynamic properties due to comprehensive slips during braking and traction are considered. In general the tyre dynamic properties are shown to have non-linear characteristics as functions of the slip ratio, slip angle, camber angle and other driving conditions.