ALMA twenty-six arcmin² survey of GOODS-S at one millimeter (ASAGAO): Source catalog and number counts

We present the survey design, data reduction, construction of images, and source catalog of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) twenty-six arcmin² survey of GOODS-S at one millimeter (ASAGAO). ASAGAO is a deep (1 σ depth ∼ 61 μJy beam⁻¹ for a 250 kλ-tapered map with a synthesized beam size of 0.51 × 0.45) and wide area (26 arcmin²) survey on a contiguous field at 1.2 mm. By combining with ALMA archival data in the GOODS-South field, we obtained a deeper map in the same region (1 σ depth ∼ 30 μJy beam⁻¹ for a deep region with a 250 kλ-taper, and a synthesized beam size of 0.59 × 0.53), providing the largest sample of sources (25 sources at ≥5.0 σ, 45 sources at ≥4.5 σ) among ALMA blank-field surveys to date. The number counts show that 52⁺₋¹¹₈ % of the extragalactic background light at 1.2 mm is resolved into discrete sources at S_{1.2 mm} > 135 μJy. We create infrared (IR) luminosity functions (LFs) in the redshift range of z = 1–3 from the ASAGAO sources with K_s-band counterparts, and constrain the faintest luminosity of the LF at 2.0 < z < 3.0. The LFs are consistent with previous results based on other ALMA and SCUBA-2 observations, which suggest a positive luminosity evolution and negative density evolution with increasing redshift. We find that obscured star-formation of sources with IR luminosities of log (L_IR/L) 11.8 account for ≈60%–90% of the z ∼ 2 cosmic star-formation rate density.