A novel artificial neural network based sleep-disordered breathing screening tool

Study Objectives: This study evaluated a novel artificial neural network (ANN) based sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) screening tool incorporating nocturnal pulse oximetry with demographic, anatomic, and clinical data. The tool was compatible with 6 categories of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) with 4% oxyhemoglobin desaturation threshold, = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 events/h. Methods: Using a general population dataset, the training set included 2,280 subjects, whereas the test set included 470 subjects. The input of this tool was a set of 22 variables. The tool had six neural network models for each AHI threshold. Several metrics were explored to evaluate the performance of the tool: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The AUC was 0.904, 0.912, 0.913, 0.926, 0.930, and 0.954, respectively, with models of AHI = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 events/h thresholds. The sensitivities of all neural network models were higher than 95%. The AHI = 30 events/h model had the maximum sensitivity: 98.31% (95% CI: 95.01%-100%). Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that the ANN based SDB screening tool can be used to identify the presence or absence of SDB. Future validation should be performed in other populations to determine the practicability of this screening tool in sleep clinics and other at-risk populations.