TY - JOUR
T1 - A comparison of the cognitive deficits in reading disability and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
AU - Willcutt, Erik G.
AU - Pennington, Bruce F.
AU - Boada, Richard
AU - Ogline, Jamie S.
AU - Tunick, Rachel A.
AU - Chhabildas, Nomita A.
AU - Olson, Richard K.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - This study used a nonreferred sample of twins to contrast the performance of individuals with reading disability (RD; n = 93), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 52), RD and ADHD (n = 48), and neither RD nor ADHD (n = 121) on measures of phoneme awareness (PA) and executive functioning (EF). Exploratory factor analysis of the EF measures yielded underlying factors of working memory, inhibition, and set shifting. Results revealed that ADHD was associated with inhibition deficits, whereas RD was associated with significant deficits on measures of PA and verbal working memory. The RD + ADHD group was most impaired on virtually all measures: providing evidence against the phenocopy hypothesis as an explanation for comorbidity between RD and ADHD.
AB - This study used a nonreferred sample of twins to contrast the performance of individuals with reading disability (RD; n = 93), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 52), RD and ADHD (n = 48), and neither RD nor ADHD (n = 121) on measures of phoneme awareness (PA) and executive functioning (EF). Exploratory factor analysis of the EF measures yielded underlying factors of working memory, inhibition, and set shifting. Results revealed that ADHD was associated with inhibition deficits, whereas RD was associated with significant deficits on measures of PA and verbal working memory. The RD + ADHD group was most impaired on virtually all measures: providing evidence against the phenocopy hypothesis as an explanation for comorbidity between RD and ADHD.
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U2 - 10.1037/0021-843X.110.1.157
DO - 10.1037/0021-843X.110.1.157
M3 - Article
C2 - 11261391
AN - SCOPUS:0035096770
SN - 0021-843X
VL - 110
SP - 157
EP - 172
JO - Journal of Abnormal Psychology
JF - Journal of Abnormal Psychology
IS - 1
ER -