A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars: I. Space density, scale height, and population properties

H. Dawson; S. Geier; U. Heber; I. Pelisoli; M. Dorsch; V. Schaffenroth; N. Reindl; R. Culpan; M. Pritzkuleit; J. Vos; A. A. Soemitro; M. M. Roth; D. Schneider; M. Uzundag; M. Vučkoviä; L. Antunes Amaral; A. G. Istrate; S. Justham; R. H. Astensen; J. H. Telting; A. A. Djupvik; R. Raddi; E. M. Green; C. S. Jeffery; S. O. Kepler; J. Munday; T. Steinmetz; T. Kupfer

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348319

A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars: I. Space density, scale height, and population properties

H. Dawson, S. Geier, U. Heber, I. Pelisoli, M. Dorsch, V. Schaffenroth, N. Reindl, R. Culpan, M. Pritzkuleit, J. Vos, A. A. Soemitro, M. M. Roth, D. Schneider, M. Uzundag, M. Vučkoviä, L. Antunes Amaral, A. G. Istrate, S. Justham, R. H. Astensen, J. H. TeltingA. A. Djupvik, R. Raddi, E. M. Green, C. S. Jeffery, S. O. Kepler, J. Munday, T. Steinmetz, T. Kupfer

Steward Observatory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present the first volume-limited sample of spectroscopically confirmed hot subluminous stars out to 500 pc, defined using the accurate parallax measurements from the Gaia space mission data release 3 (DR3). The sample comprises a total of 397 members, with 305 (∼77%) identified as hot subdwarf stars, including 83 newly discovered systems. Of these, we observe that 178 (∼58%) are hydrogen-rich sdBs, 65 are sdOBs (∼21%), 32 are sdOs (∼11%), and 30 are He-sdO/Bs (∼10%). Among them, 48 (∼16%) exhibit an infrared excess in their spectral energy distribution fits, suggesting a composite binary system. The hot subdwarf population is estimated to be 90% complete, assuming that most missing systems are these composite binaries located within the main sequence (MS) in the Gaia colour-magnitude diagram. The remaining sources in the sample include cataclysmic variables, blue horizontal branch stars, hot white dwarfs, and MS stars. We derived the mid-plane density ρ0 and scale height hz for the non-composite hot subdwarf star population using a hyperbolic sechant profile (sech2). The best-fit values are ρ0 = 5.17 ± 0.33 A-10a7 stars pca3 and hz = 281 ± 62 pc. When accounting for the composite-colour hot subdwarfs and their estimated completeness, the mid-plane density increases to ρ0 = 6.15a 0.53+1.16 A10a stars pca3. This corrected space density is an order of magnitude lower than predicted by population synthesis studies, supporting previous observational estimates.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	A25
Journal	Astronomy and astrophysics
Volume	686
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348319
State	Published - Jun 1 2024

Keywords

Binaries: general
Catalogs
Hertzsprunga Russell and Ca M diagrams
Stars: statistics
Subdwarfs

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1051/0004-6361/202348319

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Dawson, H., Geier, S., Heber, U., Pelisoli, I., Dorsch, M., Schaffenroth, V., Reindl, N., Culpan, R., Pritzkuleit, M., Vos, J., Soemitro, A. A., Roth, M. M., Schneider, D., Uzundag, M., Vučkoviä, M., Antunes Amaral, L., Istrate, A. G., Justham, S., Astensen, R. H., ... Kupfer, T. (2024). A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars: I. Space density, scale height, and population properties. Astronomy and astrophysics, 686, Article A25. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348319

Dawson, H, Geier, S, Heber, U, Pelisoli, I, Dorsch, M, Schaffenroth, V, Reindl, N, Culpan, R, Pritzkuleit, M, Vos, J, Soemitro, AA, Roth, MM, Schneider, D, Uzundag, M, Vučkoviä, M, Antunes Amaral, L, Istrate, AG, Justham, S, Astensen, RH, Telting, JH, Djupvik, AA, Raddi, R, Green, EM, Jeffery, CS, Kepler, SO, Munday, J, Steinmetz, T & Kupfer, T 2024, 'A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars: I. Space density, scale height, and population properties', Astronomy and astrophysics, vol. 686, A25. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348319

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title = "A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars: I. Space density, scale height, and population properties",

abstract = "We present the first volume-limited sample of spectroscopically confirmed hot subluminous stars out to 500 pc, defined using the accurate parallax measurements from the Gaia space mission data release 3 (DR3). The sample comprises a total of 397 members, with 305 (∼77%) identified as hot subdwarf stars, including 83 newly discovered systems. Of these, we observe that 178 (∼58%) are hydrogen-rich sdBs, 65 are sdOBs (∼21%), 32 are sdOs (∼11%), and 30 are He-sdO/Bs (∼10%). Among them, 48 (∼16%) exhibit an infrared excess in their spectral energy distribution fits, suggesting a composite binary system. The hot subdwarf population is estimated to be 90% complete, assuming that most missing systems are these composite binaries located within the main sequence (MS) in the Gaia colour-magnitude diagram. The remaining sources in the sample include cataclysmic variables, blue horizontal branch stars, hot white dwarfs, and MS stars. We derived the mid-plane density ρ0 and scale height hz for the non-composite hot subdwarf star population using a hyperbolic sechant profile (sech2). The best-fit values are ρ0 = 5.17 ± 0.33 A-10a7 stars pca3 and hz = 281 ± 62 pc. When accounting for the composite-colour hot subdwarfs and their estimated completeness, the mid-plane density increases to ρ0 = 6.15a 0.53+1.16 A10a stars pca3. This corrected space density is an order of magnitude lower than predicted by population synthesis studies, supporting previous observational estimates.",

keywords = "Binaries: general, Catalogs, Hertzsprunga Russell and Ca M diagrams, Stars: statistics, Subdwarfs",

author = "H. Dawson and S. Geier and U. Heber and I. Pelisoli and M. Dorsch and V. Schaffenroth and N. Reindl and R. Culpan and M. Pritzkuleit and J. Vos and Soemitro, {A. A.} and Roth, {M. M.} and D. Schneider and M. Uzundag and M. Vu{\v c}kovi{\"a} and {Antunes Amaral}, L. and Istrate, {A. G.} and S. Justham and Astensen, {R. H.} and Telting, {J. H.} and Djupvik, {A. A.} and R. Raddi and Green, {E. M.} and Jeffery, {C. S.} and Kepler, {S. O.} and J. Munday and T. Steinmetz and T. Kupfer",

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doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202348319",

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T1 - A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars

T2 - I. Space density, scale height, and population properties

AU - Dawson, H.

AU - Geier, S.

AU - Heber, U.

AU - Pelisoli, I.

AU - Dorsch, M.

AU - Schaffenroth, V.

AU - Reindl, N.

AU - Culpan, R.

AU - Pritzkuleit, M.

AU - Vos, J.

AU - Soemitro, A. A.

AU - Roth, M. M.

AU - Schneider, D.

AU - Uzundag, M.

AU - Vučkoviä, M.

AU - Antunes Amaral, L.

AU - Istrate, A. G.

AU - Justham, S.

AU - Astensen, R. H.

AU - Telting, J. H.

AU - Djupvik, A. A.

AU - Raddi, R.

AU - Green, E. M.

AU - Jeffery, C. S.

AU - Kepler, S. O.

AU - Munday, J.

AU - Steinmetz, T.

AU - Kupfer, T.

PY - 2024/6/1

Y1 - 2024/6/1

N2 - We present the first volume-limited sample of spectroscopically confirmed hot subluminous stars out to 500 pc, defined using the accurate parallax measurements from the Gaia space mission data release 3 (DR3). The sample comprises a total of 397 members, with 305 (∼77%) identified as hot subdwarf stars, including 83 newly discovered systems. Of these, we observe that 178 (∼58%) are hydrogen-rich sdBs, 65 are sdOBs (∼21%), 32 are sdOs (∼11%), and 30 are He-sdO/Bs (∼10%). Among them, 48 (∼16%) exhibit an infrared excess in their spectral energy distribution fits, suggesting a composite binary system. The hot subdwarf population is estimated to be 90% complete, assuming that most missing systems are these composite binaries located within the main sequence (MS) in the Gaia colour-magnitude diagram. The remaining sources in the sample include cataclysmic variables, blue horizontal branch stars, hot white dwarfs, and MS stars. We derived the mid-plane density ρ0 and scale height hz for the non-composite hot subdwarf star population using a hyperbolic sechant profile (sech2). The best-fit values are ρ0 = 5.17 ± 0.33 A-10a7 stars pca3 and hz = 281 ± 62 pc. When accounting for the composite-colour hot subdwarfs and their estimated completeness, the mid-plane density increases to ρ0 = 6.15a 0.53+1.16 A10a stars pca3. This corrected space density is an order of magnitude lower than predicted by population synthesis studies, supporting previous observational estimates.

AB - We present the first volume-limited sample of spectroscopically confirmed hot subluminous stars out to 500 pc, defined using the accurate parallax measurements from the Gaia space mission data release 3 (DR3). The sample comprises a total of 397 members, with 305 (∼77%) identified as hot subdwarf stars, including 83 newly discovered systems. Of these, we observe that 178 (∼58%) are hydrogen-rich sdBs, 65 are sdOBs (∼21%), 32 are sdOs (∼11%), and 30 are He-sdO/Bs (∼10%). Among them, 48 (∼16%) exhibit an infrared excess in their spectral energy distribution fits, suggesting a composite binary system. The hot subdwarf population is estimated to be 90% complete, assuming that most missing systems are these composite binaries located within the main sequence (MS) in the Gaia colour-magnitude diagram. The remaining sources in the sample include cataclysmic variables, blue horizontal branch stars, hot white dwarfs, and MS stars. We derived the mid-plane density ρ0 and scale height hz for the non-composite hot subdwarf star population using a hyperbolic sechant profile (sech2). The best-fit values are ρ0 = 5.17 ± 0.33 A-10a7 stars pca3 and hz = 281 ± 62 pc. When accounting for the composite-colour hot subdwarfs and their estimated completeness, the mid-plane density increases to ρ0 = 6.15a 0.53+1.16 A10a stars pca3. This corrected space density is an order of magnitude lower than predicted by population synthesis studies, supporting previous observational estimates.

KW - Binaries: general

KW - Catalogs

KW - Hertzsprunga Russell and Ca M diagrams

KW - Stars: statistics

KW - Subdwarfs

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85190330949&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85190330949&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202348319

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202348319

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85190330949

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 686

JO - Astronomy and astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and astrophysics

M1 - A25

ER -

A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars: I. Space density, scale height, and population properties

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Hot subluminous stars 500pc volume-limited sample

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A 500 pc volume-limited sample of hot subluminous stars: I. Space density, scale height, and population properties

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ASJC Scopus subject areas

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