@article{c2f26917a8414ed28de776b817027030,
title = "2D semiconductor nonlinear plasmonic modulators",
abstract = "A plasmonic modulator is a device that controls the amplitude or phase of propagating plasmons. In a pure plasmonic modulator, the presence or absence of a plasmonic pump wave controls the amplitude of a plasmonic probe wave through a channel. This control has to be mediated by an interaction between disparate plasmonic waves, typically requiring the integration of a nonlinear material. In this work, we demonstrate a 2D semiconductor nonlinear plasmonic modulator based on a WSe2 monolayer integrated on top of a lithographically defined metallic waveguide. We utilize the strong interaction between the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and excitons in the WSe2 to give a 73 % change in transmission through the device. We demonstrate control of the propagating SPPs using both optical and SPP pumps, realizing a 2D semiconductor nonlinear plasmonic modulator, with an ultrafast response time of 290 fs.",
author = "Matthew Klein and Badada, {Bekele H.} and Rolf Binder and Adam Alfrey and Max McKie and Koehler, {Michael R.} and Mandrus, {David G.} and Takashi Taniguchi and Kenji Watanabe and LeRoy, {Brian J.} and Schaibley, {John R.}",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge useful discussions with Javier Garc{\'i}a de Abajo, Robert Norwood, Josh Hendrickson, and Ricky Gibson. We thank Ty Newhouse-Illige and Weigang Wang for performing the Ar+ milling process. We thank Fateme Mahdikhanysarvejahany for assistance in performing the time-domain measurements. This work is mainly supported by the AFOSR-YIP award No. FA9550-17-1-0215. M.R.K. and D.G.M. acknowledge support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation{\textquoteright}s EPiQS Initiative through grant GBMF4416. K.W. and T.T. acknowledge support from the Elemental Strategy Initiative conducted by the MEXT, Japan and the CREST (JPMJCR15F3), JST. J.R.S. acknowledges support from The Science Foundation of Arizona, Bisgrove Scholars Program (Grant No. BSP 0821-17) and AFOSR (Grant No. FA9550-18-1-0049). B.J.L. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EECS-1607911. AFM images and data were collected in the W.M. Keck Center for Nano-Scale Imaging in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Arizona using equipment supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1337371. We would also like to thank Park Systems for their long term loan of the NX20 AFM instrument. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, The Author(s).",
year = "2019",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/s41467-019-11186-w",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "10",
journal = "Nature communications",
issn = "2041-1723",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "1",
}