TY - JOUR
T1 - β2-Adrenergic receptor signaling mediates the preferential mobilization of differentiated subsets of CD8+ T-cells, NK-cells and non-classical monocytes in response to acute exercise in humans
AU - Graff, Rachel M.
AU - Kunz, Hawley E.
AU - Agha, Nadia H.
AU - Baker, Forrest L.
AU - Laughlin, Mitzi
AU - Bigley, Austin B.
AU - Markofski, Melissa M.
AU - LaVoy, Emily C.
AU - Katsanis, Emmanuel
AU - Bond, Richard A.
AU - Bollard, Catherine M.
AU - Simpson, Richard J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2018/11
Y1 - 2018/11
N2 - Acute exercise preferentially mobilizes cytotoxic T-cells, NK-cells and non-classical monocytes to the bloodstream under the influence of hemodynamic forces and/or β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signaling. However, the relative contribution of these mechanisms to the redeployment of the most exercise-responsive cell types is largely unknown. We determined the lymphocyte and monocyte subtypes mobilized to blood during exercise via β2-AR signaling whilst controlling for β1-AR mediated reductions in hemodynamic forces. In a randomized, double blind, complete cross-over design, 14 healthy cyclists exercised for 30-minutes at +10% of blood lactate threshold after ingesting: (1) a placebo, (2) a β1-preferential antagonist (10 mg bisoprolol), or (2) a non-preferential β1 + β2-antagonist (80 mg nadolol) across three trials separated by >7-days. Bisoprolol was administered to reduce hemodynamic forces (heart rate and blood pressure) during exercise to levels comparable with nadolol but without blocking β2-ARs. The mobilization of total NK-cells, terminally differentiated (CD57+) NK-cells, central memory, effector memory and CD45RA+ effector memory CD8+ T-cells; non-classical monocytes; and γδ T-cells were significantly blunted or abrogated under nadolol compared to both bisoprolol and placebo, indicating that the exercise-induced mobilization of these cell types to the blood is largely influenced by β2-AR signaling. Nadolol failed to inhibit the mobilization of classical monocytes, CD4+ T-cells (and their subsets) or naïve CD8+ T-cells, indicating that these cell types are mobilized with exercise independently of the β2-AR. We conclude that the preferential mobilization of NK-cells, non-classical monocytes and differentiated subsets of CD8+ T-cells with exercise is largely dependent on catecholamine signaling through the β2-AR. These findings provide mechanistic insights by which distinct lymphocyte and monocyte subtypes are preferentially mobilized to protect the host from anticipated injury or infection in response to an acute stress response.
AB - Acute exercise preferentially mobilizes cytotoxic T-cells, NK-cells and non-classical monocytes to the bloodstream under the influence of hemodynamic forces and/or β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signaling. However, the relative contribution of these mechanisms to the redeployment of the most exercise-responsive cell types is largely unknown. We determined the lymphocyte and monocyte subtypes mobilized to blood during exercise via β2-AR signaling whilst controlling for β1-AR mediated reductions in hemodynamic forces. In a randomized, double blind, complete cross-over design, 14 healthy cyclists exercised for 30-minutes at +10% of blood lactate threshold after ingesting: (1) a placebo, (2) a β1-preferential antagonist (10 mg bisoprolol), or (2) a non-preferential β1 + β2-antagonist (80 mg nadolol) across three trials separated by >7-days. Bisoprolol was administered to reduce hemodynamic forces (heart rate and blood pressure) during exercise to levels comparable with nadolol but without blocking β2-ARs. The mobilization of total NK-cells, terminally differentiated (CD57+) NK-cells, central memory, effector memory and CD45RA+ effector memory CD8+ T-cells; non-classical monocytes; and γδ T-cells were significantly blunted or abrogated under nadolol compared to both bisoprolol and placebo, indicating that the exercise-induced mobilization of these cell types to the blood is largely influenced by β2-AR signaling. Nadolol failed to inhibit the mobilization of classical monocytes, CD4+ T-cells (and their subsets) or naïve CD8+ T-cells, indicating that these cell types are mobilized with exercise independently of the β2-AR. We conclude that the preferential mobilization of NK-cells, non-classical monocytes and differentiated subsets of CD8+ T-cells with exercise is largely dependent on catecholamine signaling through the β2-AR. These findings provide mechanistic insights by which distinct lymphocyte and monocyte subtypes are preferentially mobilized to protect the host from anticipated injury or infection in response to an acute stress response.
KW - Beta-blockers, nadolol, bisoprolol, catecholamines
KW - Exercise immunology
KW - Hemodynamics
KW - Neutrophils, cortisol
KW - Receptor sensitivity
KW - Shear stress
KW - Trafficking
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053603616&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85053603616&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.08.017
DO - 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.08.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 30172948
AN - SCOPUS:85053603616
SN - 0889-1591
VL - 74
SP - 143
EP - 153
JO - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
JF - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
ER -